Crop water use of onion (Allium cepa L.) in Turkey

Interactions among genotype, environment and agronomic practices on production and quality of storage onion (Allium cepa L.) - A review

“…Further, 50% replenishment of crop water requirement results in reduced yield of marketable bulbs, due to earlier ripening and the development of either immature or partially matured bulbs, suffering from early rotting during storage (Kumar et al 2007a). Moreover, since onion shows the reduction of both evapotranspiration rate and yield under water deficit, irrigation is necessary to obtain the optimum size and weight of bulbs, especially during the stage of bulb development (Chung 1989;Kadayifci et al 2005). However, when water sources are limited, onion plants can benefit from practices of crop management that enhance the resistance to water stress, in order to improve the efficiency of growth and water use (Abdul-Baki et al 1992;Egilla et al 2001).…”

“…This is a consequence of the increased competition among plants for the available resources and of the limited space for bulb expansion. Leskovar et al 2004;Kadayifci et al 2005;Bolandnazar et al 2007;Kumar et al 2007b;Khokhar 2008;Lee et al 2012;Buckland et al 2013;Caruso et al 2014;Sivesind et al 2012 Mean bulb weight (g) 47.0-643 Hamilton 1998; Kumar et al 2007b;Khokhar 2008;Lee et al 2012;Caruso et al 2014 Total plant dry weight (kg/m 2 ) 1.0-1. 4 Drost, Koening 2001;Caruso et al 2014 Leaf area index (m 2 /m 2 ) 3.2-5.1 Drost, Koenig 2001;Caruso et al 2014 Nutrient requirement and fertilization.…”

“…However, when water sources are limited, onion plants can benefit from practices of crop management that enhance the resistance to water stress, in order to improve the efficiency of growth and water use (Abdul-Baki et al 1992;Egilla et al 2001). Notably, this species appears to be less sensitive to water deficit during either vegetative or ripening stage and therefore, under water shortage, irrigation deficit should be applied to the crop in these phenological phases (Kadayifci et al 2005).…”

“…Onion is a shallow-rooted crop, sensitive to water stress (Koriem et al 1994), and therefore the production of bulbs and dry matter are highly dependent on the availability of soil water (Imtiyaz, Singh 1990;de Santa Olalla et al 1994;Koriem et al 1994;Martin et al 1994;Prashar et al 1994;Sharma et al 1994;Thabet et al 1994;Saha et al 1997;Shock et al 2000). This species is cultivated both under irrigated and nonirrigated conditions (Kadayifci et al 2005) and, in order to avoid water deficiency, it should be taken into account that the decrease of water uptake occurs when about 25% available water in the soil has been depleted (Doorenbos, Kassam 1979). Further, 50% replenishment of crop water requirement results in reduced yield of marketable bulbs, due to earlier ripening and the development of either immature or partially matured bulbs, suffering from early rotting during storage (Kumar et al 2007a).…”

Model and Growth Stage Based Variability of the Irrigation Demand of Onion Crops with Predicted Climate Change

“…Any water deficit can limit the crop specific evapotranspiration and hence significantly affect yield and quality [64][65][66][67], especially during bulb formation, because yield and quality criteria are related to the diameter and shape of the onion bulbs. In addition to the irrigation water amount, the timing of irrigation is important due to growth stage specific sensitivity towards water stress.…”