CRLH‐SIW‐based leaky wave antenna with low cross‐polarisation for Ku‐band applications

Abstract

A novel composite right/left-handed substrate integrated waveguide (SIW)-based leaky wave antenna (LWA) is proposed. Square-ringslot radiators are adopted to introduce series capacitor as well as the energy leakage, and four grounded vias within the slot ring contribute to part of the shunt inductor. Moreover, low cross-polarisation levels in the beam scanning plane are achieved due to the differential excitations of the radiators located along the centre line of the SIW working at TE10 mode. The antenna is fabricated and measured. Both simulated and measured results show that the proposed antenna is a balanced LWA operating in the frequency band 13.5-17.8 GHz. Continuous beam scanning characteristic is acquired within the scanning region −57°to +30°. In addition, low cross-polarisation levels less than −27 dB are obtained, and measured results are in good agreement with simulated ones.

Beam‐scanning leaky‐wave antenna based on CRLH‐metamaterial for millimetre‐wave applications

“…Directivity was determined by measuring the halfpower beamwidth of the antenna in the H-plane (HPBWH) and in the E-plane (HPBWE). Directivity was then calculated using the equation D = 10log10 [4π/(HPBWH×HPBWE)] [19]. Fig.…”

“…The excellent impedance matching here has achieved even though we used a cheap dielectric substrate (FR-4) with loss-tangent of tanδ=0.025 at the millimeter waves [23,24]. [18] 0.5 0 ×0.06 0 ×0.003 0 3.90-4.90 GHz −61° to +67° 22.72% 10.5 dBi @ 4 GHz 75% @ 4.25 GHz [19] 0.092 0 ×0.022 0 × 0.003 0 13.5-17.8 GHz −57° to +30° 27.47% 9 dBi @ 17 GHz unspecified [20] 0.97 0 ×0.053 0 × 0.009 0 57-63 GHz −25.2° to +24.6° 10.0% 23 dBi @ 61 GHz unspecified [21] 0.106 0 ×0.083 0 ×0.001 0 54-60 GHz +3° to 12° 13.91% 11.4 dBi @ 61 GHz unspecified [22] 0.106 0 ×0.083 0 ×0.001 0 16. Fig.…”

A novel half mode substrate integrated waveguide leaky‐wave antenna with continuous forward‐to‐backward beam scanning functionality

“…In fact, the OSB suppression can be intuitively achieved by a reflection‐canceling unit cell structure as reported in Ref. . The transverse slot of the unit cell introduces the series impedance Z t in the equivalent circuit model.…”

“…As a kind of traveling-wave antennas, leaky-wave antenna has been widely used in a variety of wireless communications due to its attractive features of high radiation gain and frequency-dependent beam scanning capability. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11] The earliest leaky-wave antenna was made by slotted rectangular waveguide. However, the traditional rectangular waveguide leaky-wave antenna has problems of complex structure and high fabrication cost.…”

“…In Ref. , a composite right/left‐handed (CRLH) leaky‐wave antenna exhibited the backward‐to‐forward beam‐steering capability through frequency scanning, thereby achieving the continuous beam scanning property as often desired. However, the structure of CRLH is complex, and the open‐stopband (OSB) problem needs to be solved.…”