Critical review of nitrogen monoxide sensors for exhaust gases of lean burn engines

Ménil, Francis; Coillard, Véronique; Lucat, Claude

doi:10.1016/s0925-4005(00)00401-9

Cited by 184 publications

(107 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…This imposes a strict monitoring of the NО 2 quantity in the environment, for which different sensing systems have been developed. Some of them are based on principle of measuring the electrical response of the sensors [8]. These devices are very compact and cheap but they have low sensitivity [9], a long response time [10] or operate at high temperatures [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of the sorption properties of Ge20Se80 thin films for NO2 gas sensing

et al. 2012

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In this study we investigated the sorption ability of Ge 20 Se 80 thin films applied as active layers of quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) for NO 2 gas sensing. To identify the chalcogenide system appropriate for gas sensing, we provided data for the packing fraction of a number of chalcogenide systems and discussed their suitability. We performed Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and atom force microscopy (AFM) measurements on the thin films both before and after gas absorption, which showed that the introduced gas molecules interact electrostatically with the chalcogen atoms of the host material and initiate some degree of structural changes in it. The weight change due to NO 2 gas absorption was measured by frequency change of the resonator. The absorbed mass increased monotonically with the thickness of chalcogenide films and the NO 2 gas concentration. At the conditions of our

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of the sorption properties of Ge20Se80 thin films for NO2 gas sensing

et al. 2012

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“…[4][5][6] Currently, there is only one type of NO x sensor that is sold commercially, and it seems unlikely to meet more stringent future emission requirements.…”

Section: Future Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[1][2][3] Because the need for a NO x sensor is recent and the performance requirements are extremely challenging, most are still in the development phase. [4][5][6] Currently, there is only one type of NO x sensor that is sold commercially, and it seems unlikely to meet more stringent future emission requirements.…”

Section: Future Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[4][5][6] Currently, there is only one type of NO x sensor that is sold commercially, and it seems unlikely to meet more stringent future emission requirements.Automotive exhaust sensor development has focused on solid-state electrochemical technology, which has proven to be robust for in-situ operation in harsh, high-temperature environments (e.g., the oxygen stoichiometric sensor). Solid-state sensors typically rely on yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) as the oxygen-ion conducting electrolyte and then target different types of metal or metal-oxide electrodes to optimize the response.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Solid-state sensors typically rely on yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) as the oxygen-ion conducting electrolyte and then target different types of metal or metal-oxide electrodes to optimize the response. [2][3][4][5][6] Electrochemical sensors can be operated in different modes, including amperometric (a current is measured) and potentiometric (a voltage is measured), both of which employ direct current (dc) measurements. Amperometric operation is costly due to the electronics necessary to measure the small sensor signal (nanoampere current at ppm NO x levels), and cannot be easily improved to meet the future technical performance requirements.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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NOx Sensor Development

Woo¹,

Glass²

2010

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Objectives• Develop an inexpensive, rapid-response, high-sensitivity and selective electrochemical sensor for oxides of nitrogen (NO x ) for compression-ignition, direct-injection (CIDI) exhaust gas monitoring• Explore and characterize novel, effective sensing methodologies based on impedance measurements and designs and manufacturing methods that could be compatible with mass fabrication• Collaborate with industry in order to (ultimately) transfer the technology to a supplier for commercialization Approach• Use an ionic (O 2− ) conducting ceramic as a solid electrolyte and metal or metal-oxide electrodes• Correlate NO x concentration with changes in impedance by measuring the cell response to an ac signal• Evaluate sensing mechanisms and aging effects on long-term performance using electrochemical techniques• Collaborate with Ford Research Center to optimize sensor performance and perform dynamometer testing Accomplishments• Modified sensor designs to successfully improve mechanical robustness for withstanding engine vibrations and prevent failure during engine/vehicle dynamometer testing• Developed a preliminary strategy to mitigate major noise factors and improve accuracy by quantifying effects of temperature, water, and oxygen to generate a numerical algorithm• Publications/Presentations: Future Directions• Continue developing more advanced prototypes suitable for cost-effective, mass manufacturing• Continue evaluating performance of prototypes, including long-term stability and cross-sensitivity, in laboratory, dynamometer, and on-vehicle tests• Continue efforts to initiate the technology transfer process to a commercial entity Because the need for a NO x sensor is recent and the performance requirements are extremely challenging, most are still in the development phase. [4][5][6] Currently, there is only one type of NO x sensor that is sold commercially, and it seems unlikely to meet more stringent future emission requirements.Automotive exhaust sensor development has focused on solid-state electrochemical technology, which has proven to be robust for in-situ operation in harsh, high-temperature environments (e.g., the oxygen stoichiometric sensor). Solid-state sensors typically rely on yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) as the oxygen-ion conducting electrolyte and then target different types of metal or metal-oxide electrodes to optimize the response. [2][3][4][5][6] Electrochemical sensors can be operated in different modes, including amperometric (a current is measured) and potentiometric (a voltage is measured), both of which employ direct current (dc) measurements. Amperometric operation is costly due to the electronics necessary to measure the small sensor signal (nanoampere current at ppm NO x levels), and cannot be easily improved to meet the future technical performance requirements. Potentiometric operation has not demonstrated enough promise in meeting long-term stability requirements, where the voltage signal drift is thought to be due to aging effects associated with electrically driven changes...

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Electrode Materials for Mixed-Potential No, Sensors

West

Montgomery

Armstrong

Ceramic Engineering and Science Proceedings

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Critical review of nitrogen monoxide sensors for exhaust gases of lean burn engines

Cited by 184 publications

References 53 publications

Study of the sorption properties of Ge20Se80 thin films for NO2 gas sensing

Study of the sorption properties of Ge20Se80 thin films for NO2 gas sensing

NOx Sensor Development

Electrode Materials for Mixed-Potential No, Sensors

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