Critical design of heterogeneous catalysts for biomass valorization: current thrust and emerging prospects

De, Sudipta; Dutta, Saikat; Saha, Basudeb

doi:10.1039/c6cy01370h

Cited by 114 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 192 publications

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“…As lignocellulosicb iomass has ac omplex structure and made-up of different polymers (cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin), its direct useh as many complications.T herefore, different sugars (hexoseo rp entose) and their derived compounds such as furans, isolated or produced from biomass through biological or chemical conversion, are generally used as platform raw materialsi nb iorefinery to achieve an efficient production of differenti ndustrial applicable chemicals and biofuels (Scheme 1). [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13] In 2004, U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) listed twelves ugar-based building blocks which can be used for the production of various value-added chemicals or materials. [14] Catalytic transformation of biomass-derived compounds to different platform chemicals andl iquid fueli saprominentw ay to reduce the global dependence on fossil resources.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metal Catalysts for the Efficient Transformation of Biomass‐derived HMF and Furfural to Value Added Chemicals

2018

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Catalytic transformation of biomass‐derived compounds to different platform chemicals and liquid fuel is a prominent way to reduce the global dependence on fossil resources. In past few decades, biomass‐derived furans such as 2‐furfuraldehyde (furfural) and 5‐hydroxymethyl‐2‐furfural (HMF) have received outstanding attention because of their wide applications in the production of various industrially important value‐added chemicals and fuel components. Various catalytic systems and methodologies have been extensively explored for the transformation of these furans to a wide range of products including open ring diketones, ketoacids, alcohols and long chain alkanes. This Review is aimed to provide an extensive overview of the recent developments of several high‐performing heterogeneous catalysts for the catalytic upgradation of the key biomass‐derived furans (furfural and HMF) to value‐added chemicals. Moreover, the role of these catalysts in the catalytic transformations including hydrogenation, decarbonylation, oxidation, hydrogenolysis and ring opening reactions, and the mechanistic pathways are also highlighted in this Review.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metal Catalysts for the Efficient Transformation of Biomass‐derived HMF and Furfural to Value Added Chemicals

2018

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“…The physical and chemical barriers presented to cellulolytic enzymes by hemicellulose and lignin, have been identified as the major cause of this resistance together with the highly ordered crystalline cellulose . Removal of these barriers by various pretreatment and fractionation methods has greatly increased the yields of enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose, providing sugars that can be exploited by fermentation or chemo‐catalytic processes into various fuels or platform chemicals . On the other hand, efficient fractionation removal of hemicellulose and lignin as well as their recovery is critical for their exploitation, considering that whole biomass valorization is the main goal of the future biorefinery .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[1] Removalo fthese barriers by variousp retreatment and fractionation methods has greatly increased the yields of enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose, providing sugarst hat can be exploited by fermentation or chemo-catalytic processes into various fuels or platform chemicals. [2][3][4][5] On the other hand, efficient fractionation removal of hemicellulose and lignin as well as their recovery is criticalf or their exploitation, considering that whole biomass valorizationi st he main goal of the future biorefinery. [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] Finally,t he cost of enzyme production still represents am ajor issue that increases the overall process economics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancing Lignocellulosic Biomass Hydrolysis by Hydrothermal Pretreatment, Extraction of Surface Lignin, Wet Milling and Production of Cellulolytic Enzymes

et al. 2019

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Acetone and ethanol extraction of lignin deposits from the surface of hydrothermally (liquid hot water) pretreated beech wood biomass alleviates the lignin inhibitory effects during enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose to glucose and boosts the enzymatic digestibility to high values (≈70 %). Characterization of the extracted lignins (FTIR, pyrolysis/GC–MS, differential thermogravimetry, gel permeation chromatography) indicated high purity, low molecular weight, and features that suggest that it consists mainly of fragments of the native wood lignin partially depolymerized and recondensed on the biomass surface during the hydrothermal pretreatment. The pyrolysis products of the extracted surface lignins suggest their high potential as a feedstock for the production of high added value phenolic compounds. When the enzymatic hydrolysis of the pretreated and extracted biomass solids was assisted by mild wet milling, near complete cellulose digestibility (≥95 %) could be achieved. In the context of the biorefinery and whole‐biomass valorization concept, it was also shown that the hydrothermally (hemicellulose‐deficient) pretreated and delignified biomass solids could be also successfully used for the production of crude cellulase from Trichoderma reesei cultures, providing a simple and low‐cost method for the complementary production of cellulases by utilizing fractions of the integrated hydrolysis process.

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“…Systems utilizing heterogeneous catalysts have been demonstrated to be more efficient for the transformation of biomass than homogenous or enzymatic systems. Furthermore, heterogeneous catalysts are easier to recover and have a higher durability [8]. The first step of biomass transformation is depolymerization through hydrolysis to produce a mixture of oxygenate molecules.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metal Carbides for Biomass Valorization

Chan‐Thaw

Villa

2018

Applied Sciences

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Transition metal carbides have been utilized as an alternative catalyst to expensive noble metals for the conversion of biomass. Tungsten and molybdenum carbides have been shown to be effective catalysts for hydrogenation, hydrodeoxygenation and isomerization reactions. The satisfactory activities of these metal carbides and their low costs, compared with noble metals, make them appealing alternatives and worthy of further investigation. In this review, we succinctly describe common synthesis techniques, including temperature-programmed reaction and carbothermal hydrogen reduction, utilized to prepare metal carbides used for biomass transformation. Attention will be focused, successively, on the application of transition metal carbide catalysts in the transformation of first-generation (oils) and second-generation (lignocellulose) biomass to biofuels and fine chemicals.

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Critical design of heterogeneous catalysts for biomass valorization: current thrust and emerging prospects

Abstract: Catalysis in the heterogeneous phase plays a crucial role in the valorization of biorenewable substrates with controlled reactivity, efficient mechanical process separation, greater recyclability and minimization of environmental effects.

Cited by 114 publications

References 192 publications

Metal Catalysts for the Efficient Transformation of Biomass‐derived HMF and Furfural to Value Added Chemicals

Metal Catalysts for the Efficient Transformation of Biomass‐derived HMF and Furfural to Value Added Chemicals

Enhancing Lignocellulosic Biomass Hydrolysis by Hydrothermal Pretreatment, Extraction of Surface Lignin, Wet Milling and Production of Cellulolytic Enzymes

Metal Carbides for Biomass Valorization

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