Critical analysis of the microflora of toweling.

Bacteriological quality of fabrics washed at lower-than-standard temperatures in a hospital laundry facility

“…Our results were obtained for the most visibly soiled material that we could find. If bacterial densities are highest in areas of visible stains (13,14), maximum viable densities before washing may be considered to be at least 5 x 105 CFU/cm2. Thus, to achieve the goal of 0.2 CFU/cm2, any wash procedure or formula should insure a minimum of a 6 to 7 log elimination of bacteria.…”

Occurrence, prevention, and monitoring of microbial quality loss of foods and dairy products

“…They have been shown to be also easily applicable to, and fully reliable in, the microbiological monitoring of polluted water 1278 and of food production lines 1279 " 1281 where, much earlier, similar devices made of paper had been suggested. 1282 This mode of monitoring may be criticized in principle, 1283 because it is well established that an impression technique collects far from all colony-forming units 1284 niques. 1290 " 1294 However, this does not matter very much in this particular instance.…”

Comparison of methods for detection of four common nosocomial pathogens on hospital textiles

“…It is therefore obvious that hospital textiles need to be 'hygienically clean', that is free of pathogenic microorganisms in concentrations sufficient to cause human illness (31). The concentrations or the infectious dose for pathogen bacteria can be from 1 to 100 cells, where the immune status of the individual plays an important role (32), therefore the low detection limit of bacteria is very important.…”