Criteria of Periodization in the History of European Art

Schapiro, Meyer; Janson, H. W.

doi:10.2307/468623

Cited by 24 publications

(16 citation statements)

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“…Noch in den 1970er Jahren stellte Ernst Engelberg im Sinne der marxistischen Geschichtswissenschaft fest: „Die Periodisierung leistet eine unerlässliche Ordnungs‐ und Aufbereitungsarbeit, die uns das Auffinden historischer Gesetze erleichtert.“6 In abgeschwächter Weise beschrieb der Kunsthistoriker Meyer Shapiro den Nutzen der Epochenbildung. Sie erlaube eine Korrelation „with other historical objects and events similarly ordered in time and space, and thereby contributes to explanation“ 7. Solch affirmative Aussagen zum Erklärungspotential von Epochenkonstruktionen findet man heute kaum noch; sie sind abgelöst worden durch abschätzige Urteile über ihren „gering[en] […︁] heuristische[n] Wert“ 8…”

Section: Epochenbegriffe Und Neutralisierungunclassified

Effects of FIS Overexpression on Cell Growth, rRNA Synthesis, and Ribosome Content in Escherichiacoli

Richins

Chen

2001

Biotechnology Progress

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The Escherichia coli DNA binding protein FIS is a transcriptional modulator involved in the regulation of many cellular processes, including the activation of rRNA synthesis. High-level overproduction of FIS in early, mid, or late log cultures resulted in growth-phase- and media-specific variations in cell growth, rRNA synthesis, and ribosome content. FIS overproduction caused a pronounced increase in rRNA synthesis for late-exponential cultures but a substantial reduction in cell growth and ribosome content. The addition of simple sugars such as glucose or fructose reversed these phenomena, consistent with the functional role of FIS in carbon metabolism.

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Section: Epochenbegriffe Und Neutralisierungunclassified

Effects of FIS Overexpression on Cell Growth, rRNA Synthesis, and Ribosome Content in Escherichiacoli

Richins

Chen

2001

Biotechnology Progress

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“…On the other hand, the classification of architectural history as historical periods is based on certain criteria. For example, period names are structured in terms of political-dynastic, cultural, and aesthetic types, and historical classification is a means of creating a temporal-spatial continuum that reveals important similarities and differences with regard to historical objects, and allows us to see the line of development (Schapiro, 1970). In this study, style is used as to develop an understanding of the values that reveal the distinctive design behaviors of a particular period, and characterize the architectural product.…”

Section: Theoretical Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

How does teaching architectural history meld into design education? A quick studio

Tuztaşı

Koç

2021

Artium

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This study aims to reveal a design case in architectural education so that the gap between theory and practice can be reduced. For this purpose, an architectural history course and working in an architectural studio were chosen as the fundamental courses which constitute experimental area of the study. The inquiry orientation of this experimental practice is the discussion of the contributions and consequences of different perceptual methods to the teaching/learning level, as well as the provision of a variety of practices for direct learning. The method chosen was to adapt the architectural history course, which is generally based on theoretical narrative and supported by visual stimuli, for use in the architectural studio. For this purpose, the concept of style, borrowed from the architectural history course, has been turned into a useful design resource. Styles are described with the use of keywords in terms of their formal, structural, and conceptual features, and these features have been used as a design resource in the design of a new facade. Depending on the cognitive activity of each student, the study and interpretation of style have changed, which has led to differentiation in terms of design behaviors. Although such a study can impose some restrictions in terms of creative behaviors and morphological approaches, they can be eliminated by the exercise of the designer's cognitive ability.In addition, such a method has created a new experimental field involving the integration of theory and practice in architectural education by melding an architectural history course into architectural studio activities.

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“…Periodization in art history is the process of characterizing and understanding art 'movements' 1 and their evolution over time. Each period may last from years to decades, and encompass diverse styles.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As it can be seen in figure 1, we are thus able to evaluate one hypothesis about what movement we find ourselves in at present, namely Post-Minimalism, by comparing the 'future' art we generate with our method to Post-Minimalist art (which was not part of our training set) and other recent movements. 2 We consider the following setting: each observed image x i has a cluster label k i ∈ {1, …, K} and resides in an image space X, where we assume that X is a mixture of unknown distributions f (1) X , . .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling and forecasting art movements with CGANs

et al. 2020

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Conditional Generative Adversarial Networks (CGANs) are a recent and popular method for generating samples from a probability distribution conditioned on latent information. The latent information often comes in the form of a discrete label from a small set. We propose a novel method for training CGANs which allows us to condition on a sequence of continuous latent distributions f (1) , . . . , f (K) . This training allows CGANs to generate samples from a sequence of distributions. We apply our method to paintings from a sequence of artistic movements, where each movement is considered to be its own distribution. Exploiting the temporal aspect of the data, a vector autoregressive (VAR) model is fitted to the means of the latent distributions that we learn, and used for one-step-ahead forecasting, to predict the latent distribution of a future art movement f (K+1) . Realisations from this distribution can be used by the CGAN to generate "future" paintings. In experiments, this novel methodology generates accurate predictions of the evolution of art. The training set consists of a large dataset of past paintings. While there is no agreement on exactly what current art period we find ourselves in, we test on plausible candidate sets of present art, and show that the mean distance to our predictions is small.

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Criteria of Periodization in the History of European Art

Cited by 24 publications

References 0 publications

Effects of FIS Overexpression on Cell Growth, rRNA Synthesis, and Ribosome Content in Escherichiacoli

Effects of FIS Overexpression on Cell Growth, rRNA Synthesis, and Ribosome Content in Escherichiacoli

How does teaching architectural history meld into design education? A quick studio

Modelling and forecasting art movements with CGANs

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