Criteria for extending the operation periods of thermoelectric converters based on IV-VI compounds

Sadia, Yatir; Ohaion-Raz, Tsion; Ben-Yehuda, O.; Korngold, Meidad; Gelbstein, Yaniv

doi:10.1016/j.jssc.2016.06.006

Cited by 72 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Thermoelectric devices can go through degradation under atmospheric environment due to two main mechanisms, oxidation and sublimation. Some studies have shown that sublimation is one of the most problematic degradation mechanisms for many thermoelectric materials such as PbTe [1], GeTe [1], Bi 2 Te 3 [2], CoSb 3 [3], Mg 2 Si [4], and more. PbTe-based materials are well-known state of the art materials for operation near 500 • C [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…PbTe-based materials are well-known state of the art materials for operation near 500 • C [5]. Several papers have suggested that the main degradation mechanism for PbTe materials is high temperature sublimation [1,6] near 500 • C in general and sublimation from grain boundaries in particular [7]. In addition, most high temperature thermoelectric generators need to be encased in inert gas [8] due to oxidation of the thermos-elements.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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PbO-SiO2 Based Glass Coating of PbI2 Doped PbTe

Sadia

Koron

Gelbstein

2020

Metals

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Thermoelectrics is one promising way of increasing the efficiency of machines and devices by reusing some of the waste heat produced. One obstacle for commercialization is the need to coat the materials to prevent sublimation and oxidation of the thermoelectric materials. Such coatings were designed for PbI2 doped PbTe using a (SiO2)0.68(PbO)0.3(B2O3)0.01(Na2O)0.01 based glass designed for operation at 500 °C. In this research various conditions of the coating process were examined. The effect of the atmosphere on the bonding and densification of the coating was studied using argon, vacuum and air. From the three air shows, the best bonding characteristics were from a better flow of glass and increased bonding between the oxidized PbTe layer and glass. This also created a PbO rich glass in the interface between the glass and the PbTe sample. The effect of 0, 3, and 6 wt. % NaCl additive to the solution was tested and showed that NaCl achieves better coverage due to high green body density, reaction of NaCl with the glass and removal of remaining CO2 from the glass in the form of decomposing Na2CO3. In addition, when testing the time and temperature, it was shown that the temperature of 520 °C was the minimum needed for high densification of the glass, but a duration shorter than 30 min did not allow for bonding of the glass to the substrate despite adequate densification. Finely, to obtain a well bonded coating with full coverage over the sample, the glass was coated with 6% NaCl in air at 520 °C for 30 min.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

PbO-SiO2 Based Glass Coating of PbI2 Doped PbTe

Sadia

Koron

Gelbstein

2020

Metals

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“…As for the brazing alloy, the eutectic Ag 0.32 Cu 0.43 In 0.25 , which has not been widely investigated in the TE field, has a melting point of ~564 °C, which is suitable for prolonged operation of PbTe-based TE generators at a maximal temperature of 500 °C from one side, but sufficiently low (<600 °C) to avoid deterioration of the TE elements [47,48] and to minimize any diffusion between the layers during the brazing process on the other side. In addition, it does not contain commonly used elements, such as Zn and Cd, which are highly volatile at working temperatures (<500 °C).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Compatibility between Co-Metallized PbTe Thermoelectric Legs and an Ag–Cu–In Brazing Alloy

2018

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In thermoelectric (TE) generators, maximizing the efficiency of conversion of direct heat to electricity requires the reduction of any thermal and electrical contact resistances between the TE legs and the metallic contacts. This requirement is especially challenging in the development of intermediate to high-temperature TE generators. PbTe-based TE materials are known to be highly efficient up to temperatures of around 500 °C; however, only a few practical TE generators based on these materials are currently commercially available. One reason for that is the insufficient bonding techniques between the TE legs and the hot-side metallic contacts. The current research is focused on the interaction between cobalt-metallized n-type 9.104 × 10−3 mol % PbI2-doped PbTe TE legs and the Ag0.32Cu0.43In0.25 brazing alloy, which is free of volatile species. Clear and fine interfaces without any noticeable formation of adverse brittle intermetallic compounds were observed following prolonged thermal treatment testing. Moreover, a reasonable electrical contact resistance of ~2.25 mΩmm2 was observed upon brazing at 600 °C, highlighting the potential of such contacts while developing practical PbTe-based TE generators.

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“…Effective thermoelectric materials require therefore good electrical transport properties and high Seebeck coefficients, whereas their thermal conductivity should be as low as possible. The higher the ZT value, the higher is the TE conversion efficiency and a ZT value of at least 1 is necessary , …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Tetradymite‐type binary and multinary group V–VI (heterostructured) materials such as Bi 2 Te 3 , (Sb x Bi 1– x ) 2 Te 3 or (Sb x Bi 1– x ) 2 (Se y Te 1– y ) 3 , whose excellent thermoelectric properties are known for decades, and IV–VI semiconductors belong to the most promising thermoelectric materials and have been studied in detail . For instance, the thermoelectric generator MMRTG used by the NASA is based on the n‐type PbTe and the p‐type PbSnTe (PST) as well as (GeTe) x (AgSbTe 2 ) 1– x (TAGS) . The development of nanostructured 2D quantum well structures as well as nanostructured multiphase systems in the last decade has resulted in substantially improved ZT values and record values of up to 2.0 were reported for PbTe, which is a classical and best TE material used at mid‐temperatures .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intramolecularly-stabilized Group 14 Alkoxides - Promising Precursors for the Synthesis of Group 14-Chalcogenides by Hot-Injection Method

Rusek

Bendt

Wölper

et al. 2017

Z. Anorg. Allg. Chem.

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Intramolecularly‐stabilized germanium, tin, and lead alkoxides of the type M(OCH2CH2NR2)2 [R = Et, M = Ge (1); R = Me, M = Sn (2); R = Me, M = Pb (3)] are suitable precursors for the synthesis of group 14 chalcogenides ME (M = Ge, Sn, Pb; E = S, Se, Te) in scrambling reactions with (Me3Si)2S and (Et3Si)2E (E = Se, Te) at moderate temperatures via hot injection method. The reactions proceed with elimination of the corresponding silylether as was proven by in situ 1H NMR spectroscopy. The solid‐state structures of the homoleptic complex 1 and the heteroleptic complex ClGe(OC2H4NEt2) (4) were determined by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction, whereas the group 14 chalcogenides were characterized by XRD, SEM, and EDX.

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Criteria for extending the operation periods of thermoelectric converters based on IV-VI compounds

Cited by 72 publications

References 43 publications

PbO-SiO2 Based Glass Coating of PbI2 Doped PbTe

PbO-SiO2 Based Glass Coating of PbI2 Doped PbTe

Compatibility between Co-Metallized PbTe Thermoelectric Legs and an Ag–Cu–In Brazing Alloy

Intramolecularly-stabilized Group 14 Alkoxides - Promising Precursors for the Synthesis of Group 14-Chalcogenides by Hot-Injection Method

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