Misdiagnosis leads to iatrogenic effects of antiepileptic medication and aggressive or invasive procedures, such as intubations during emergency department visits [ ]. "fter initial symptom onset, the average time to a formal PNES diagnosis is to years [ , , ].Video-electroencephalography vEEG monitoring is an indispensable tool for diagnosing PNES because it allows the simultaneous analysis of both clinical and ictal EEG findings. In some cases, provocative techniques aid in diagnosing PNES, and these are performed only when necessary and in approximately -% of patients diagnosed with PNES [ ]. These techniques are very useful in detecting the presence of suggestibility, which strongly supports a psychogenic mechanism."pproximately -% of epilepsy patients referred to tertiary epilepsy centres or specialised hospitals have PNES [ ]. The incidence of PNES is approximately % of the total epilepsy incidence [ ], and in fact, most patients misdiagnosed with epilepsy at epilepsy centres have PNES [ ]. These patients are heavy users of emergency and nonemergency health care [ ], and approximately three fourths receive inappropriate "ED treatment before their diagnosis [ ], which can produce adverse side effects, high costs to health care facilities, high medical utilisation rates and high personal and societal costs.