Crimes committed by terrorist groups: Theory, research, and prevention

Hamm, Mark S.; Voorde, Cécile Van de

doi:10.1007/s12117-005-1023-y

Cited by 30 publications

(16 citation statements)

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“…Rosenfeld reminds us of Sutherland's definition of criminology as "the study of rule making, rule breaking and the social response to rule breaking"-a definition that fits terrorism well ( [52], p. 22; see also [41]). Terrorism must be financed and supplied and is usually done so through traditional crimes like robbery and fraud (see [30]). Like crime, terrorism disproportionately is committed by young males [41].…”

Section: Defining Terrorismmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One area where left realism can make a contribution is the study of women terrorists. 3 Similar to general criminal offenses, women are involved in terrorism, but to a lesser extent than men (see, e.g., [8,30]). Women's involvement in terror differs from that of men, usually depending on group ideology [57], and this is an area ripe for exploration.…”

Section: Conclusion and Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A large portion of the literature examining causes of terrorist activity tends to be psychological [see 18,33] or sociological [e.g., 2], with criminologists recently attempting to explain terrorist activity. For example, Hamm and Van de Voorde applied criminological theoriesspecifically social learning and opportunity theories-to terrorist involvement in transnational crime [30]. While criminology has much to offer the study of terrorism, lacking from the literature is an assessment of the left realist framework to understand terrorism (but see Taylor for an examination of terrorism through a critical criminological perspective) [60].…”

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confidence: 99%

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Looking at terrorism through left realist lenses

Gibbs

2010

Crime Law Soc Change

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While terrorism has moved into the spotlight of criminological study, including critical criminology, it has yet to be thoroughly explored from a left realist perspective. Left realism addresses four aspects of crime: causes of offending, impact on the victims, and both official and public responses to crime. A left realist approach to terrorism would argue that similar to those who engage in street crimes, many terrorists are socially or economically disenfranchised young men who become involved in terrorism through connections with similarly situated members of the fringe population, and "get tough" policies on terrorism will backfire. Four propositions of left realist theory organized by DeKeseredy and colleagues are presented and addressed through the extant literature, which offers partial support for a left realist explanation of terrorism.Terrorism has been explored through a variety of perspectives. A large portion of the literature examining causes of terrorist activity tends to be psychological [see 18,33] or sociological [e.g., 2], with criminologists recently attempting to explain terrorist activity. For example, Hamm and Van de Voorde applied criminological theoriesspecifically social learning and opportunity theories-to terrorist involvement in transnational crime [30]. While criminology has much to offer the study of terrorism, lacking from the literature is an assessment of the left realist framework to understand terrorism (but see Taylor for an examination of terrorism through a critical criminological perspective) [60]. This paper explores terrorism through the left realist perspective. The next section reviews left realist theory, followed by a review of terrorism and the applicability of

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Section: Defining Terrorismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Conclusion and Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Looking at terrorism through left realist lenses

Gibbs

2010

Crime Law Soc Change

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“…This thesis is consistent with part of the hate-crimes literature that argues that bias-crime perpetrators escalate from less to more violent hate crimes (Shively 2005). Gordon Kahl (who murdered three law enforcement officials before being killed himself in 1983), Robert Matthews (the leader of the notorious terrorist group the Order, responsible for 5 murders, in the 1980s), Richard Snell (who murdered an African American law enforcement officer and a pawn broker in the 1990s), and Frank Nelson (the leader of the Minnesota Patriots Council and one of first to be convicted under the Biological Weapons Anti-Terrorism Act in 1995) were all involved in antitax actions before their later, more serious crimes (Corcoran, 1990;Flynn & Gerhardt, 1989/1995Hamm, 2005;Tucker & Pate, 2000).…”

Section: Terrorism and Far Right Extremistsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intelligence-Led Policing As a Framework for Responding to Terrorism

McGarrell

Freilich

Chermak

2007

Journal of Contemporary Criminal Justice

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Leading police associations in the United States and the United Kingdom have advocated that law enforcement adopt an intelligence-led policing model (ILP). Much like the situation with community policing, there does not appear to be a commonly accepted definition of ILP nor of the practical implications for police agencies' mission, structure, and processes. This article presents a model of ILP that builds on community policing, problem solving, and continuous improvement business models that have been adopted by police departments. Examples of these practices are reviewed as a method of illustrating the promise of an ILP approach. A broad conceptualization of ILP is presented under the belief that ILP will be most likely integrated into law enforcement and will have the greatest impact if it is adopted from an "all crimes" perspective. The article concludes with illustrations of the utility of ILP for addressing threats of domestic and international terrorism.

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“…criminological research methodologies, findings, and associated policy recommendations can provide a practical template with which some terrorists' activities may be studied (Hamm and Van de Voorde, 2005;laFree and Dugan, 2004;laFree and Hendrickson, 2008).…”

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confidence: 99%

Weapon choice and American political violence

Legault¹,

Hendrickson

2009

Criminology & Public Policy

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Research SummaryThe criminal use of firearms presents a unique challenge to policymakers and is the subject of scientific study in fields such as criminology, public health, sociology, and law. Keywords terrorism, firearms, sentencing, weapons, felonsthis research was supported in part by an appointment to the u.s. department of Homeland security research opportunity Program administered by the oak ridge Institute for science and education (orIse) through a cooperative agreement between the u.s. department of energy and the u.s. department of Homeland security. orIse is managed by oak ridge Associated universities (orAu) under the department of education (doe) contract de-Ac05-06or23100. All opinions expressed in this article are the authors' and do not necessarily reflect the policies and views of dHs, doe, or orAu/orIse. direct correspondence to richard legault, national consortium for the study of terrorism and responses to terrorism (stArt) center, university of maryland, college Park, md 20742 (e-mail: rlegault@start.umd.edu); James Hendrickson, department of criminal Justice and criminology, university of maryland,

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Crimes committed by terrorist groups: Theory, research, and prevention

Cited by 30 publications

References 1 publication

Looking at terrorism through left realist lenses

Looking at terrorism through left realist lenses

Intelligence-Led Policing As a Framework for Responding to Terrorism

Weapon choice and American political violence

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