Crime and Justice in Digital Society: Towards a ‘Digital Criminology’?

Stratton, Greg; Powell, Anastasia; Cameron, Robin

doi:10.5204/ijcjsd.v6i2.355

Cited by 72 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…As with all countersurveillance strategies, it is also multidimensional and should be viewed through multiple analytical lenses. In examining any form of user-driven surveillance, it remains important to avoid treating social media as merely a tool or platform employed by users (see Stratton et al 2017;Wood 2017). Social media should instead be treated as an active mediator of such practices, whose algorithmic architecture, data structures, surveillance practices, and technologically inscribed values shape how such countersurveillance practices unfold and how successful they are.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crowdsourced Countersurveillance: A Countersurveillant Assemblage?

Wood

Thompson

2018

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Speed camera ‘traps’, random breath testing (RBT) stations, and other forms of mobile traffic surveillance have long been circumvented by motorists. However, as technologies for traffic surveillance have developed, so too have technologies enabling individuals to monitor and countersurveil these measures. One of the most recent forms of these countersurveillance platforms can be found on Facebook, where dedicated regional and national RBT and ‘police presence’ pages publicly post the locations of various forms of police surveillance in real-time. In this article, we argue that Facebook RBT pages exemplify a new form of social media facilitated countersurveillance we term crowdsourced countersurveillance: the use of knowledge-discovery and management crowdsourcing to facilitate surveillance discovery, avoidance, and countersurveillance. Crowdsourced countersurveillance, we argue, represents a form of countersurveillant assemblage: an ensemble of individuals, technologies, and data flows that, more than the sum of their parts, function together to neutralize surveillance measures. Facilitated by affordances for crowdsourcing, aggregating, and crowdmapping geographical data information on surveillance actors, crowdsourced countersurveillance provides a means of generating ‘hybrid heterotopias’: mediated counter-sites that enable individuals to contest and circumvent surveilled spatial arrangements.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crowdsourced Countersurveillance: A Countersurveillant Assemblage?

Wood

Thompson

2018

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“…In this paper we have presented a case study of a Crime Stoppers scheme and examined ways in which traditional media represent crime and how these events are made meaningful especially in adopting a legal, guilty, and punitive frame. There is an imperative to explore further the ways that these representations will be rendered within digital infrastructures and social media platforms which may have greater potential for 'digital vigilantism' and 'lateral surveillance' (Powell, Overington, & Hamilton, 2017;Stratton et al, 2016). However, there is already evidence to suggest that calls to retributive action alongside fear, risk, and warnings of danger are entrenched in the digital sphere and thus continue the legacy of legacy media (Powell et al, 2017).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Citizen surveil-labour: Analysing Crime Stoppers and its alliance of police, media, and publics

Lincoln

McGillivray

2018

Australian & New Zealand Journal of Criminology

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An examination of a Crime Stoppers initiative-a weekly page published in a major citybased tabloid newspaper-afforded a rare glimpse into this understudied global entity. It also offered a means of reflecting on the co-option of CCTV images; partnerships between police, media organisations and publics; and the harnessing of citizen labour in a culture of surveillance. Quantitative and qualitative analyses were conducted on the images, accompanying texts and the rhetoric of this feature page for a two-year period. From a media criminology perspective, the portrayals underscore the abrogation of the presumption of innocence, a focus on mundane property offences, with the potential to exacerbate fear of crime and to engender more punitive public attitudes. From a conceptual frame, this article proffers the notion of surveil-labour where the re-purposing of CCTV data in the context of a Crime Stoppers scheme reinforces an alliance of police, media and the public to enhance an infrastructure of informing.

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“…The study was designed to capture the interactional context of an illicit market. We aimed to examine both interactions and the technical infrastructure of the market (Stratton et al, 2017). We observed how cryptomarket users interacted with each other, and how these interactions contributed to social sanctioning and the creation of shared norms and agreements in the market.…”

Section: Context and Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Producing Trust Among Illicit Actors: A Techno-Social Approach to an Online Illicit Market

Bancroft

Squirrell

Zaunseder

et al. 2019

Sociological Research Online

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Illicit market exchanges in cybercriminal markets are plagued by problems of verifiability and enforceability: trust is one way to ensure reliable exchange. It is fragile and hard to establish. One way to do that is to use the administrative structure of the digital market to control transactions. This is common among a specific type of market – darknet cryptomarkets. These are sites for the sale of illicit goods and services, hosted anonymously using the Tor darknet. However, reliance by users on the technology and the market administrators exposes users to excessive risk. We examine a case of a market that rejects several key technological features now common in cryptomarkets but that is nonetheless reliable and robust. We apply a techno-social approach that looks at the way participants use and combine technologies with trust relationships. The study was designed to capture the interactional context of the illicit market. We aimed to examine both person-to-person interaction and the technical infrastructure the market relied on. We find that the social space of the market maintains itself through a shared common security orientation, community participation in key decisions about products sold, performing trust signalling, and relying on lateral trust between members. There are implications for how resilience in cryptomarkets is understood.

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Crime and Justice in Digital Society: Towards a ‘Digital Criminology’?

Cited by 72 publications

References 50 publications

Crowdsourced Countersurveillance: A Countersurveillant Assemblage?

Crowdsourced Countersurveillance: A Countersurveillant Assemblage?

Citizen surveil-labour: Analysing Crime Stoppers and its alliance of police, media, and publics

Producing Trust Among Illicit Actors: A Techno-Social Approach to an Online Illicit Market

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