Crested Wheatgrass Vigor as Affected by Black Grass Bug and Cattle Grazing

Ansley, R. James; McKell, Cyrus M.

doi:10.2307/3898642

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 18 publications

(24 reference statements)

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“…The high densities of mirids we observed in the grass monoculture occurred primarily during the spring when root (Ansley & McKell 1982) and total nonstructural (Caldwell et al 1981) carbohydrates of crested wheatgrass are lowest. These populations, occurring at earlier dates, may be more damaging to crested wheatgrass than at later dates because of these low carbohydrate reserves.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…Grass bugs such as Irmsia pacifica (Uhler) (Hansen & Nowak 1988) and L. hesperius (Ansley & McKell 1982) lower forage production and vigor in wheatgrasses, and monoculture reseeding of rangelands has been implicated as causing problems from L. hesperius (Kamm & Fuxa 1977, Ostlie 1979, Ansley & McKell 1982. Keller (1979), in particular, is a strong advocate for the discontinuation of monoculture reseedings on rangelands.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Arthropod Faunas of Monocultures and Polycultures in Reseeded Rangelands

Spangler

MacMahon

1990

Environmental Entomology

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Sap-feeding and predaceous arthropod faunas of forage bunchgrasses in reseeded rangeland vegetation were examined. Four major species of sap feeders were found; the major predators were spiders. Grass monoculture had very high densities of sap feeders compared with grass biculture, shrub-grass, tree-grass, and native areas; this was reflective of the large contribution from the mirids Irbisia brachycera Uhler and Conostethus americanus (Knight). They were present during the leaf stages of crested wheatgrass when it had its lowestcarbohydrate root reserves. Homoptera and predator densities were not significantly related to the pattern of vegetation. The lowest number of sap-feeder species occurred in the grass monoculture, and sap-feeder faunas in this plot were dissimilar to those of all other plots. One-season dispersal experiments did not support the hypothesis that grass density caused the differences between arthropod faunas in different vegetation, whereas big sagebrush, common in reseeded pastures, repelled I. brachycera during short-term dispersal. The data indicate that reseeding to monocultures may result in high densities of Miridae during the leaf stages compared with moderate densities of Homoptera during the flower and seed stages in bicu\tures. The implications for pest management are discussed.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 78%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Arthropod Faunas of Monocultures and Polycultures in Reseeded Rangelands

Spangler

MacMahon

1990

Environmental Entomology

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“…A density of 156/m 2 reduced seed head production in intermediate wheatgrass by 56% (Malechek et al 1977). Ansley and McKell (1982) showed the black grass bug feeding reduced leaf length, seedhead height and carbohydrate reserves in root crowns in crested wheatgrass.…”

Section: Miridae (Plant Bugs)mentioning

confidence: 97%

Journal of Range Management, Volume 54, Number 4 (July 2001)

2001

REM

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The objectives of this Colorado study were to assess primary reasons ranchers choose to stay or sell the ranch, compare the motivations for ranching between a traditional agriculturally based county and a rapidly developing county, and assess whether factors such as length of tenure, fiscal dependency on ranching, and dependency on public lands play roles in decisions to sell. Personal interviews were conducted with 37 ranchers. While land use conversion occurs for a wide variety of reasons, lack of heirs and detrimental public policy were important reasons given for selling ranches. Responses showed Routt County (a rapidly developing county) ranchers were more likely to sell due to land use conversion related issues than Moffat County ranchers (p = 0.056). Ranchers with a longer legacy on their land reported that profitability, having likely heirs, and continuing tradition enhanced their reasons to stay. Groups more "at risk" of selling were non-homesteading ranchers close to retirement, larger ranches, and ranchers dependent on ranching for income with declining profits. Large ranch owners experiencing land use conflicts with non-ranchers and ranchers modestly dependent on public forage experiencing changes in public policy regulations and land use conflicts also indicated a higher proclivity to sell. Noting how groups of ranchers are impacted by different changes can help refine community efforts related to land use conversion and create more thoughtful policy measures.

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Growth responses of Leymus chinensis (Trin.) Tzvelev to sheep saliva after defoliation

Teng¹,

Ba²,

Wang³

et al. 2010

Rangel. J.

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Many studies indicated that saliva from herbivores might be involved in plant growth responses when plants have been grazed. However, there is currently no general agreement on whether saliva can affect plant growth. Our aims were to determine the growth response of plants to sheep saliva after defoliation under diverse environmental conditions (different sward structures), and whether the effect of saliva is influenced by time (duration) after its application. We conducted field experiments with clipping treatments and the application of sheep saliva to the damaged parts of tillers to simulate sheep grazing on the perennial grass Leymus chinensis (Trin.) Tzvelev during the early growing seasons. Results demonstrated that clipping with saliva application significantly increased tiller numbers 8 weeks after treatments in comparison with clipping alone. A key finding is that the effect of sheep saliva on plant growth was short-lived. Clipping with saliva application increased leaf weight in the second week, while clipping alone had no effect. Moreover, clipping with saliva application promoted the elongation of new leaves (not the old ones) in the first week whereas clipping alone was ineffective. Results also showed that there were no differences between clipping with saliva application and clipping alone for relative height growth rate and aboveground biomass. Therefore, we concluded that saliva application to clipping treatment would produce an additional effect compared to clipping alone for the plant and the positive effects are time dependent. The additional effects primarily embodied in the individual level of plant, such as the changes of leaf weight and leaf length. Beyond the level, the effects of saliva only produced many more tiller numbers rather than the accumulation of aboveground biomass.

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Crested Wheatgrass Vigor as Affected by Black Grass Bug and Cattle Grazing

Cited by 7 publications

References 18 publications

Arthropod Faunas of Monocultures and Polycultures in Reseeded Rangelands

Arthropod Faunas of Monocultures and Polycultures in Reseeded Rangelands

Journal of Range Management, Volume 54, Number 4 (July 2001)

Growth responses of Leymus chinensis (Trin.) Tzvelev to sheep saliva after defoliation

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