Crescimento inicial da berinjeleira sob adubação nitrogenada e fosfatada e irrigada com água de reúso

Abstract

<p><span>A utilização da água vem gerando alguns conflitos devido o aumento da escassez hídrica em todo o mundo, os setores de maior consumo são a agricultura responde por 70%, o setor industrial 22% e 8% corresponde ao uso doméstico. Objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar os efeitos causados pelas doses de nitrogênio e fósforo e a irrigação com água de reúso doméstica pós-tratada em filtro de areia com fluxo intermitente durante o crescimento inicial da berinjeleira na região semiárida paraibana. O experimento foi realizado em ambiente protegido, no Centro de Ciências e Tecnologia Agroalimentar (CCTA/UFCG), Campus de Pombal – PB, e cujos tratamentos resultaram na combinação de dois fatores: quatro doses de adubação nitrogenada (N<sub>1 </sub>- 3,55; N<sub>2</sub> - 6,2; N<sub>3</sub> - 8,9; N<sub>4</sub> - 11,55 g de N/vaso) e quatro doses de adubação fosfatada (P<sub>1</sub> - 15,28; P<sub>2</sub> - 26,74; P<sub>3</sub> - 38,2; P<sub>4</sub> - 49,66 g de P/vaso) correspondendo respectivamente a 40; 70; 100; 130% conforme indicação de adubação para a cultura da berinjela quando cultivada em vasos, irrigada com água de reúso pós-tratada em filtro de areia intermitente (AR). O delineamento experimental adotado foi o de blocos inteiramente casualizados, com os tratamentos arranjados em esquema fatorial 4 x 4, com quatro repetições. Conclui-se que a prática da irrigação com água de reúso surge como uma fonte hídrica e nutricional para a cultura da berinjela, nas condições edafoclimáticas do semiárido; Doses de 3,55 g de N e 15,28 g de P por planta quando se utiliza água de reúso na irrigação de plantas de berinjela são suficientes para suprir as necessidades nutricionais da cultura. A massa fresca da folha de plantas de berinjela decresceu linearmente com o incremento das doses de N aplicadas. A produção de massa fresca e seca da parte aérea de plantas de berinjela irrigadas com água de reúso com 40% da adubação com N e P não diferiu das plantas que receberam 100% indicação de N e P.</span></p><p align="center"><strong><em>Eggplant early growth under nitrogen and phosphate and irrigated with reuse water</em></strong></p><p><strong>ABSTRACT - </strong>The use of water has generated some conflicts due to increasing water scarcity around the world, the largest consumer sectors are agriculture accounts for 70 %, the industrial sector 22% and 8% corresponds to the household. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects caused by nitrogen and phosphorus and irrigation with reclaimed water post- treated domestic sand filter with intermittent flow during the initial growth of eggplant in Paraíba semi-arid region.The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse, in the Science and Technology Center Agrifood (CCTA / UFCG), Campus de Pombal - PB, and the treatments resulted in the combination of two factors: four doses of nitrogen (N1 - 3.55; N2 - 6.2; N3 - 8.9; N4 - 11.55 g N / pot) and four doses of phosphorus fertilization (P1 - 15.28; P2 - 26.74; P3 - 38.2; P4 - 49 66 g P / pot) corresponding respectively to 40; 70; 100; 130% as fertilizer indication for eggplants when grown in pots irrigated with treated wastewater post-intermittent sand filter (AR). The experimental design was a completely randomized design, with treatments arranged in a factorial 4 x 4, with four replications. We conclude it the practice of irrigation with reclaimed water emerges as a water and nutrient source for the eggplant crop, soil and weather conditions in the semiarid; Doses of 3,55 g of N and 15,28 g P per plant when using reclaimed water in irrigation eggplants are sufficient to meet the nutritional needs of the crop. The fresh weight of eggplants sheet decreased linearly with increasing N rates. The production shoot fresh and dry mass of eggplant plants irrigated with reclaimed water to 40% of fertilization with N and P did not differ from plants that received 100 % of N and P indication.</p><p><span><br /></span></p>

Yield of the Okra Submitted to Nitrogen Rates and Wastewater in Northeast Brazilian Semiarid Region

“…In relation to the test of comparison between means, it was verified that the different types of water used in the irrigation of the plants (WW and IW) provided significant effects on all variables of okra production (Table 4). These results confirmed the reports of Kummer et al (2017) and Medeiros et al (2015Medeiros et al ( , 2017, where they stated that part of the nutritional requirements of crops can be supplied by nutrients present in the wastewater itself. Note.…”

“…The results obtained in this study confirmed the information provided by the other authors, Medeiros et al (2015), Sousa (2015), Kummer et al (2017), and Medeiros et al (2017) when they reported that WW is a nutritional source for plants, especially macronutrients, which promotes the reuse of nutrients by crops. Note.…”

“…These results reinforce the importance of N for plant growth and development, as this nutrient is required for the synthesis of several cellular components, especially for chlorophyll molecule and ribulose-1,5-biphosphate carboxylase oxygenase (Rubisco), which are responsible for CO 2 assimilation during the photochemical and biochemical phases of photosynthesis (Medeiros et al, 2015;Souza et al, 2016;Medeiros et al, 2017). Akintomide and Osundare (2015) also reported a significant response of okra LA with N fertilization.…”

“…Medeiros et al (2015) observed a linear decrease in the LA of eggplant with increasing Rates of N and irrigation with domestic WW under edaphoclimatic conditions in the semi-arid region of Paraíba.…”

“…In addition, it was found that LA responds positively to this element when supplied in adequate quantity . Since N deficiency results in delayed plant growth, thin stems, and less leaf expansion (Zubairu et al, 2017), excess deficiency caused restrictions as it promotes the saline effect in the soil, resulting in nutritional imbalance (Medeiros et al, 2015). In addition, it can prolong the vegetative cycle of the plant and delay flowering, which may cause oxidative damages that compromise important cellular components such as lipids, proteins, DNA, RNA and reducing plant growth, and yield (Akande et al, 2010;Medeiros et al, 2015;Medeiros et al, 2017;Souza et al, 2017;Zubairu et al, 2017).…”