Credibility, Proof and Refugee Law

Sweeney, James

doi:10.1093/ijrl/eep027

Cited by 85 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 1 publication

(1 reference statement)

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“…When assessing credibility, the expectation is that positive perceptions of credibility will discriminate accurate reports (i.e., correct information about true events) from inaccurate reports (i.e., incorrect or false information about events). Problems arise when perceptions of credibility are incongruent with report accuracy (e.g., statements seem credible, but are not actually accurate, and vice versa; Sweeney, 2009). When base truth is unknown, evidence of truth might come only from our own perceptions of fact; unfortunately, however, there is often a gap between perceived and objective truth (Bennett, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perceptions of Credibility for a Memory Report of a Single Versus Repeated Event

Weinsheimer

Coburn

Chong

et al. 2017

Applied Cognitive Psychology

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When a person experiences an event that has multiple similar instances (i.e., a repeated event), memories for details that change across instances can be challenging to recall (e.g., Fivush, 1984). We expected that third parties would perceive memory reports of instances of repeated events as less credible than unique (i.e., single) events.Undergraduates participated in a single or repeated event, during which critical details were presented. Participants were asked to recall the session 2-days later, and memory reports were video recorded. New participants then viewed one video and evaluated the credibility of the speaker's memory report. Despite the reports being equally accurate, repeated-event reports were seen as less credible than single-event reports. Although credibility research in the context of repeated events has focused exclusively on child populations, a range of applications exists for adults (e.g., criminal and industrial eyewitnesses, asylum-seekers); we discussed our findings in these areas.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perceptions of Credibility for a Memory Report of a Single Versus Repeated Event

Weinsheimer

Coburn

Chong

et al. 2017

Applied Cognitive Psychology

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“…"Credibility assessments are usually understood to involve checking for three things: internal consistency, external consistency (congruence with known facts), and plausibility" ( [3], p. 700, emphasis added. Weston [18] is often credited with having identified these categories).…”

Section: Credibility As a Social Constructionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The process of evaluating external credibility focuses on whether the content of the applicant narrative is supported by available knowledge in the country information databases accessed by the investigating officer [3,19]. This includes the compatibility between people's 'subjective' descriptions of the threats they have experienced and the 'objective' safety situation as described in the databases.…”

Section: Credibility As a Social Constructionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Credibility Assessments as 'Normative Leakage': Asylum Applications, Gender and Class

Wikström¹,

Johansson²

2013

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“…In the context of asylum, the issue of social construction has been analyzed on the discourse and narrative level, mainly with regard to processes of categorization and labeling of asylum seekers (Zetter 2007;Innes 2010;Long 2013). Other studies focus on the social construction of asylum claimants (Lynn and Lea 2003;Lacroix 2004;Goodman and Speer 2007), and some work has been done on the construction of credibility in refugee status determination (Sweeney 2009;Noura 2006;Jubany 2017). However, there is still very little scientific understanding of the constructed character of the entire procedure, particularly with regard to the facts and artifacts within it.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Practices in Focus: The Dilemmas That Evoke them and the Effects They Have

Dahlvik

2018

IMISCOE Research Series

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This study investigated a problem that can be expressed in two broad questions. Under what circumstances do decision makers work, and how can those circumstances be explained? How do officials deal with these circumstances, that is, the structural tensions, and how can their practices be explained? My approach to exploring these questions was a case study that was inspired by institutional ethnography and adopted the combined analytical lens of social practice, structuration and (post-)constructivist theories. Throughout the book, I aimed to show how these theoretical perspectives complement each other on the basis of empirical findings. In closing, this chapter focuses on officials' practices and offers concluding theoretical remarks in this regard.To understand the contextual factors of the case study, it was important to consider the external and internal circumstances of refugee status determination and how these circumstances interact. The international, supranational and national legal framework, asylum policies and jurisdiction of higher courts can be understood as an external environment that is, at least partly, already contradictory. Different orientations, such as human rights and restrictive policies, create conflicting logics in the field of asylum. However, the dilemmas are reinforced when we consider the internal circumstances of the FAO. The administration has its own organizational aims and is largely oriented toward the values of New Public Management -which was increasingly introduced in the Austrian context around the turn of the century -such as efficiency and outcome orientation. The mass processing of applications under limited resources creates the typical dilemmas of street-level bureaucracies. The findings illustrate that these circumstances produce the dilemmatic situation in which caseworkers find themselves when deciding asylum claims.The original version of this chapter was revised. An erratum to this chapter can be found at https://doi

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Credibility, Proof and Refugee Law

Cited by 85 publications

References 1 publication

Perceptions of Credibility for a Memory Report of a Single Versus Repeated Event

Perceptions of Credibility for a Memory Report of a Single Versus Repeated Event

Credibility Assessments as 'Normative Leakage': Asylum Applications, Gender and Class

Practices in Focus: The Dilemmas That Evoke them and the Effects They Have

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