Creation of quantum-degenerate gases of ytterbium in a compact 2D-/3D-magneto-optical trap setup

Dörscher, S.; Thobe, Alexander; Hundt, Bastian; Kochanke, André; Targat, Rodolphe Le; Windpassinger, Patrick; Becker, Christoph; Sengstock, K.

doi:10.1063/1.4802682

Cited by 60 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 50 publications

(53 reference statements)

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“…Transversely loaded 2D-MOTs are successfully demonstrated for lithium [35] and sodium [36] in a compact design, which combines a small distance between the oven and trapping area (typically 10 cm) with permanent magnets for producing the required 2D quadrupolar magnetic field. Following up on the seminal work of Tiecke et al [35] and Lamporesi et al [36] for alkali-metal atoms, as well as Dörscher et al [37] for ytterbium, here we present the realization of a compact, transversely loaded 2D-MOT source for cold strontium atoms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Two-dimensional magneto-optical trap as a source for cold strontium atoms

Nosske

Couturier

et al. 2017

Phys. Rev. A

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We report on the realization of a transversely loaded two-dimensional magneto-optical trap serving as a source for cold strontium atoms. We analyze the dependence of the source's properties on various parameters, in particular the intensity of a pushing beam accelerating the atoms out of the source. An atomic flux exceeding 10 9 atoms/s at a rather moderate oven temperature of 500• C is achieved. The longitudinal velocity of the atomic beam can be tuned over several tens of m/s by adjusting the power of the pushing laser beam. The beam divergence is around 60 mrad, determined by the transverse velocity distribution of the cold atoms. The slow atom source is used to load a threedimensional magneto-optical trap realizing loading rates up to 10 9 atoms/s without indication of saturation of the loading rate for increasing oven temperature. The compact setup avoids undesired effects found in alternative sources like, e.g., Zeeman slowers, such as vacuum contamination and black-body radiation due to the hot strontium oven.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An alternative is offered by transversely loaded 2D-MOT sources [35][36][37]. Unlike the vapor-cell 2D-MOT, which is isotropically loaded from a uniform background vapor, the transversely loaded 2D-MOT captures an atomic beam effusing from a high-temperature oven.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two-dimensional magneto-optical trap as a source for cold strontium atoms

Nosske

Couturier

et al. 2017

Phys. Rev. A

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“…This is the most common approach to loading a Yb MOT, although other methods of loading have also been demonstrated. 49,50 Whilst a MOT of Cs can be produced directly from a vapor, the high background pressure is not suitable for making ultracold or quantum degenerate clouds. Therefore, Cs should be loaded from either a second collection MOT 51,52 or a Zeeman slower.…”

Section: System Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Production and characterization of a dual species magneto-optical trap of cesium and ytterbium

Kemp

Butler

Freytag

et al. 2016

Review of Scientific Instruments

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. (2016) 'Production and characterisation of a dual species magneto-optical trap of cesium and ytterbium.', Review of scientic instruments., 87 (2). 023105.Further information on publisher's website: Use policyThe full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-prot purposes provided that:• a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in DRO • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders.Please consult the full DRO policy for further details.

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“…This scheme used a MOT on a broad linewidth transition to capture atoms which then leak into a metastable state cooled by a MOT on a narrow transition. Narrow-line MOTs fed by a 2D MOT or Zeeman slower on the broad transition have been demonstrated for Yb and Er although steady-state PSDs are not measured [35,36]. Another approach is the dark SPOT MOT [37], which creates a central spatial region of reduced laser interaction.…”

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confidence: 99%

Steady-State Magneto-Optical Trap with 100-Fold Improved Phase-Space Density

et al. 2017

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We demonstrate a continuously loaded 88 Sr magneto-optical trap (MOT) with a steady-state phase-space density of 1.3(2) × 10 −3 . This is two orders of magnitude higher than reported in previous steady-state MOTs. Our approach is to flow atoms through a series of spatially separated laser cooling stages before capturing them in a MOT operated on the 7.4-kHz linewidth Sr intercombination line using a hybrid slower+MOT configuration. We also demonstrate producing a Bose-Einstein condensate at the MOT location, despite the presence of laser cooling light on resonance with the 30-MHz linewidth transition used to initially slow atoms in a separate chamber. Our steady-state high phase-space density MOT is an excellent starting point for a continuous atom laser and dead-time free atom interferometers or clocks.Laser cooled and trapped atoms are at the core of most ultracold quantum gas experiments [1], state-ofthe-art clocks [2] and sensors based on atom interferometry [3]. Today, these devices typically operate in a time-sequential manner, with distinct phases for sample preparation and measurement. For atomic clocks a consequence is the need to bridge the dead time between measurements using a secondary frequency reference, typically a resonator. This introduces a problem known as the Dick effect [4] in which the sampling process inherent to a clock's cyclic operation down converts or aliases high frequency noise from the secondary reference into the signal band, thus degrading performance [5]. Recently, a new generation of atomic clocks using degenerate atoms in a three-dimensional optical lattice has been demonstrated using Sr [6]. To reach the potential of such a clock, it will be necessary to overcome the Dick effect, which can be achieved by reducing the dead time and/or by creating vastly improved secondary references. Our steady-state MOT can lead to significant advances in both directions. It approaches the high flux and low temperature requirements needed for a steadystate clock, which would completely eliminate the Dick effect. Furthermore, our MOT is created under conditions compatible with the creation of degenerate samples or an atom laser [7,8]. This would be the ideal source for a secondary frequency reference based on superradiant lasing, which is expected to outperform current references [9][10][11][12][13]. Our source and a future atom laser based on it might also be valuable for atomic inertial sensors [8]. Improved clocks and inertial sensors will allow tests of fundamental physics [14] or be suitable for gravitational wave astronomy [3,[15][16][17].Over the years many creative approaches have honed laser cooling to produce pulsed samples of ever increasing phase-space density (PSD) [18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29]. Pulsed MOTs using 88 Sr have demonstrated phase-space densities of 10 −2 [30] while atoms held in dipole traps recently reached degeneracy [7,31]. Despite the exquisite performances, these techniques suffer from extremely small capture velocities.As a consequence atoms ...

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Creation of quantum-degenerate gases of ytterbium in a compact 2D-/3D-magneto-optical trap setup

Cited by 60 publications

References 50 publications

Two-dimensional magneto-optical trap as a source for cold strontium atoms

Two-dimensional magneto-optical trap as a source for cold strontium atoms

Production and characterization of a dual species magneto-optical trap of cesium and ytterbium

Steady-State Magneto-Optical Trap with 100-Fold Improved Phase-Space Density

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