Creating new realities in healthcare: the status of simulation-based training as a patient safety improvement strategy

Salas, Eduardo; Paige, John T.; Rosen, Michael A.

doi:10.1136/bmjqs-2013-002112

Cited by 56 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…All types of SBME require meticulous planning, which is well described and corroborated by several reviews [2, 3, 8, 9]. To facilitate the discussion about advantages and disadvantages of the choice of simulation setting, Table 2 presents a schematic overview of how simulation settings are potentially related to various components in SBME, which will be discussed in the following.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…As a result, scenarios based on well-defined learning objectives are crucial, and simulation activities can only be as good as the educational programme in which they are embedded [1, 3, 31]. Decades ago, a paper on flight simulation concluded that “The key is the programme, not the hardware” [32], an aspect that Salas et al also highlight [9]: “Simulators do not make a curriculum, they are merely tools for a curriculum”. Objectives must initially be defined clearly, each of which can focus more on individual or team-based activities, such as communication, cooperation and teamwork, but also on cognitive skills like decision making or on technical and clinical topics.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Design of simulation-based medical education and advantages and disadvantages of in situ simulation versus off-site simulation

et al. 2017

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BackgroundSimulation-based medical education (SBME) has traditionally been conducted as off-site simulation in simulation centres. Some hospital departments also provide off-site simulation using in-house training room(s) set up for simulation away from the clinical setting, and these activities are called in-house training. In-house training facilities can be part of hospital departments and resemble to some extent simulation centres but often have less technical equipment. In situ simulation, introduced over the past decade, mainly comprises of team-based activities and occurs in patient care units with healthcare professionals in their own working environment. Thus, this intentional blend of simulation and real working environments means that in situ simulation brings simulation to the real working environment and provides training where people work. In situ simulation can be either announced or unannounced, the latter also known as a drill. This article presents and discusses the design of SBME and the advantage and disadvantage of the different simulation settings, such as training in simulation-centres, in-house simulations in hospital departments, announced or unannounced in situ simulations.DiscussionNon-randomised studies argue that in situ simulation is more effective for educational purposes than other types of simulation settings. Conversely, the few comparison studies that exist, either randomised or retrospective, show that choice of setting does not seem to influence individual or team learning. However, hospital department-based simulations, such as in-house simulation and in situ simulation, lead to a gain in organisational learning. To our knowledge no studies have compared announced and unannounced in situ simulation. The literature suggests some improved organisational learning from unannounced in situ simulation; however, unannounced in situ simulation was also found to be challenging to plan and conduct, and more stressful among participants. The importance of setting, context and fidelity are discussed.SummaryBased on the current limited research we suggest that choice of setting for simulations does not seem to influence individual and team learning. Department-based local simulation, such as simulation in-house and especially in situ simulation, leads to gains in organisational learning. The overall objectives of simulation-based education and factors such as feasibility can help determine choice of simulation setting.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of simulation-based medical education and advantages and disadvantages of in situ simulation versus off-site simulation

et al. 2017

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“…Brydges et al's study suggests that the simulation sessions for emergencies need to be maintained for dentists. In situ simulation can be used to implement new treatment protocol in order to ensure their applicability and find a potential problem that has not been previously observed (15). From this type of simulation is expected that the whole team of participants should be released from work duties during the training.…”

Section: Advantages and Challenges Of In Situ Simulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Basic Principles of Simulations: In situ and Online Simulation

Stosic¹,

Budić²,

Stanković³

et al. 2017

Acta Facultatis Medicae Naissensis

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SU M M A RYMedical simulation is an artificial and a faithful representation of real clinical situations with the help of static and interactive doll simulators, standardized patients/actors, models for the exercise, simulation on a computer screen and a "serious" performance of a real clinical situation. That is a modern way of learning that helps students and health workers to achieve a higher level of expertise and provide a safer health care. Medical simulation is one of the greatest and most important innovations in medical education for the past 20 years. The goal of the simulation is to provide an optimal relationship between education and patient's safety. It is used both in undergraduate and postgraduate studies, as well as in continuing medical education. Simulators used in medical education can be divided into six groups, ranging from the use of paper and pencils to the most modern computerized interactive simulator. Depending on the economic development level and the organization of health care, rigorous high medical simulation can be performed in three ways: in the center for medical simulation, in the form of "in situ" simulation, and as remote simulations.

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“…Simulation-based medical education (SBME) is a powerful educational strategy enabling students to practice and demonstrate competence in areas including knowledge, skills, critical thinking and communication thereby enriching learning experience (Motola et al 2013;Salas et al 2013;Bensfield et al 2012;Issenberg et al 2005). It provides a bridge between didactic and observational learning to clinical practice using experiential learning, however it has rarely been used to teach medical students about ethical conflicts or to assess their understanding of ethical principles applied to difficult clinical decision making (Tritrakarn 2014).…”

Section: Description Of a New Education Methods Or Toolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulation: Teaching Medical Ethics to First Year Medical Students within the United Arab Emirates

Henderson¹,

Ballard²,

Alsuwaidi³

et al. 2018

MedEdPublish

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In today's healthcare world it is important to equip medical students with the knowledge, challenges and solutions to handle ethical dilemmas. Whilst there is no recommended format for how medical ethics should be taught it is recognized that students prefer a learnercentred approach. In a new medical college within the United Arab Emirates a simulation based medical education approach was adopted for first year, semester one medical students to support the taught theoretical underpinnings. Simulation scenarios which focused on the main ethical principles as well as the Islamic principles particularly in relation to the beginning and end of life were developed. Students were exposed to a variety of scenarios and were required to interact with standardized patients. Feedback from the students showed that 100% of them were in agreement that the simulation scenarios helped to support the theory taught in class. Simulation based medical education has the opportunity to enhance the undergraduate medical curriculum as well as to raise awareness of ethical dilemmas that students will face when qualified.

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Creating new realities in healthcare: the status of simulation-based training as a patient safety improvement strategy

Cited by 56 publications

References 31 publications

Design of simulation-based medical education and advantages and disadvantages of in situ simulation versus off-site simulation

Design of simulation-based medical education and advantages and disadvantages of in situ simulation versus off-site simulation

Basic Principles of Simulations: In situ and Online Simulation

Simulation: Teaching Medical Ethics to First Year Medical Students within the United Arab Emirates

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