Creatine-kinase test (CK test) as a selection criterion to estimate stress resistance and meat quality in pigs

Bickhardt, K; Flock, D. K.; Richter, Leo

doi:10.1007/bf02267653

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…These factors may influence the metabolic response in the myofibre, since the high metabolic rate in muscles of SS pigs requires an efficient oxygen supply and exchange of metabolic products. The continuous occurrence of muscle lesions in SS pigs is supported by the fact that SS pigs have higher serum levels of skeletal muscle enzymes than normal pigs (BICKHARDT et al, 1977;THOREN-TOLLING and JONSSON, 1983).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Distribution and Morphology of Skeletal Muscle Lesions after Experimental Restraint Stress in Normal and Stress‐susceptible Pigs

Bjurström

Carlsten

Thorén-Tolling

et al. 1995

Journal of Veterinary Medicine Series A

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Summary Six normal and 22 stress‐susceptible (SS) pigs were subjected to experimental restraint stress to test the hypothesis that SS pigs are more affected by stress‐induced skeletal muscle lesions than normal pigs. The stress was provoked by a 12 min intravenous infusion of the myorelaxant succinylcholine at a dose which induced leg paralysis. At necropsy 2–3 days after the stress, 24 muscles were examined macro‐ and microscopically. The plasma levels of noradrenaline and adrenaline increased significantly during the stress, especially in SS pigs. Significantly higher scores of acute muscle lesions (degeneration and phagocytosis) were recorded in the SS pigs than in the normal pigs. The antebrachial flexor muscles, m. gastrocnemius, crural flexor muscles, m. serratus and m. intercostalis were most affected, while m. semitendinosus, m. masseter, crural extensor muscles, m. quadriceps and antebrachial extensor muscles were the least affected. The muscle regeneration of SS pigs was greater than that of normal pigs indicating more active rhabdomyolysis in SS pigs than in normal pigs. The muscle lesions were also reflected in increased serum levels of creatine kinase (CK), aspartate aminotransferase (ASAT), potassium and creatinine in SS pigs. It is concluded that the restraint stress induced skeletal muscle lesions and increased sympathetic activity, predominantly in SS pigs. It was also shown that certain skeletal muscles are more affected by rhabdomyolysis than others.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Distribution and Morphology of Skeletal Muscle Lesions after Experimental Restraint Stress in Normal and Stress‐susceptible Pigs

Bjurström

Carlsten

Thorén-Tolling

et al. 1995

Journal of Veterinary Medicine Series A

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“…CK and ASAT at rest were higher in SS pigs than in normal pigs indicating a higher incidence of myofibre damage in SS pigs also before the stress. SS pigs are known to have higher CK levels than normal pigs indicating ongoing rhabdomyolysis in SS pigs also under normal conditions (BICKHARDT et al, 1977;THOREN-TOLLING and JONSSON, 1983). This is further supported by slightly higher scores for muscle lesions in SS pigs than in normal pigs in the present study (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Absence of Skeletal Muscle Lesions after Experimental Restraint Stress Induced by Pancuronium in Normal and Stress‐susceptible Pigs

Bjurström

Carlsten

Jönsson

1996

Journal of Veterinary Medicine Series A

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Summary Stress‐susceptible (SS) pigs develop rhabdomyolysis and increased serum levels of muscle enzymes after a 12min experimental stress induced by the depolarizing myorelaxant succinylcholine. It is suspected that not only the stress situation but also succinylcholine itself contributes to the skeletal muscle lesions. This experiment was performed to study whether rhabdomyolysis occurs after restraint stress when succinylcholine was replaced by the nondepolarizing myorelaxant pancuronium. Four normal and four SS pigs were subjected to restraint stress by intravenous injection of pancuronium. The neuromuscular block was reversed after 12 min by neostigmine. The animals were necropsied approximately 48 h after stress and 24 skeletal muscle groups were examined pathologically. The severity of acute myofibre lesions were graded, and the results were compared with the results from normal and SS pigs which had been subjected to restraint stress induced by succinylcholine. The serum levels of creatine kinase (CK) and aspartate aminotransferase (ASAT) stayed at the base line level after the stress. The scores for muscle lesions were significantly lower, both in normal and SS pigs, than after restraint stress induced by succinylcholine indicating no rhabdomyolysis after restraint stress induced by pancuronium. Thus succinylcholine is synergistic with stress, exacerbating its effect on skeletal muscle in SS pigs.

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“…A random sample of 502 animals were slaughtered at the Institute 20 h after they had been transported there by lorry over a distance of 50 km. Creatine kinase activity (CK) in the slaughter blood of these animals was measured according to Bickhardt & Richter (1980). The following three meat quality measurements were also recorded for this study: -P H ,~ = pH 45 min post mortem in the logissimus dorsi muscle rigor,5 = rigor mortis 45 min post mortem in the semimembranosus muscle -Gofo = meat colour measured with a Gofo-photometer 24 h post mortem in the logissimus dorsi muscle at the 13th rib.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations between marker genotypes, halothane reaction, CC activity and meat quality characters in a sample of German Landrace pigs

Glodek

Meyer

Brunken

1985

Animal Blood Groups and Biochemical Genetics

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Routine blood typing of German Landrace pedigree populations and an earlier study revealed very low frequencies of the favourable alleles at the marker loci Phi, Pgd and H. The hypothesis was that in this population the whole linkage group of favourable alleles at the halothane and neighbouring marker loci may have been lost as a consequence of intense selection for leanness and type. The present study of 1050 German Landrace pigs at the Relliehausen experimental station, where some effort has been made to maintain a higher frequency of the favourable alleles PhiA (0.48), H-(0.43) and PgdA (0.70) gave quite different results.The frequency of halothane-positive pigs found by using a severe test was only 30 %. Only 5.4 %, 8.8 %, 13.4 % and 13.9 7% of animals with PhiAIA, H-I-, PgdAI" and PhiA/B genotypes respectively were halothane-positive. Forty to sixty per cent of pigs with these marker genotypes could therefore be expected to be homozygous halothane-negative ( N I N ) animals. Creatine kinase activity and three selected meat quality characters showed highly significant differences between the AIA and the BIB genotypes for the marker loci Phi and Pgd, with the heterozygotes being intermediate. These differences are greater than those observed between halothanenegative and halothane-positive phenotypes. The only other consistently superior marker genotype in this population was the H blood group genotype H-I-. In contrast to findings from Sweden and Switzerland, the postalbumin locus Po2 and the suppressor locus S for the A -0 blood groups did not exhibit useful marker qualities.It is concluded that in the German Landrace the marker loci Phi, Pgd and H could also be helpful in breeding homozygous halothane-negative pigs with distinctly better meat quality characteristics.

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Creatine-kinase test (CK test) as a selection criterion to estimate stress resistance and meat quality in pigs

Cited by 8 publications

References 6 publications

Distribution and Morphology of Skeletal Muscle Lesions after Experimental Restraint Stress in Normal and Stress‐susceptible Pigs

Distribution and Morphology of Skeletal Muscle Lesions after Experimental Restraint Stress in Normal and Stress‐susceptible Pigs

Absence of Skeletal Muscle Lesions after Experimental Restraint Stress Induced by Pancuronium in Normal and Stress‐susceptible Pigs

Associations between marker genotypes, halothane reaction, CC activity and meat quality characters in a sample of German Landrace pigs

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