Distribution and Morphology of Skeletal Muscle Lesions after Experimental Restraint Stress in Normal and Stress‐susceptible Pigs

Bjurström, Sivert; Carlsten, J.; Thorén-Tolling, Kerstin; Jönsson, Lennart

doi:10.1111/j.1439-0442.1995.tb00412.x

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…The muscle lesions were compatible with those seen in meat from pigs suffering from the porcine stress syndrome (17). The lesions were only present focally, an observation which has been made in normal pigs after restraint stress (18). One pig showed evidence of muscle regeneration, indicating a more chronic lesion, which may have occurred as a result of stress on one of the treatment occasions.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

Effects of a 2‐week treatment with pulsed monochromatic light in healthy pigs: a clinical and morphological study

Jensen-Waern

Ekman

2000

Photoderm Photoimm Photomed

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

Effects of a 2‐week treatment with pulsed monochromatic light in healthy pigs: a clinical and morphological study

Jensen-Waern

Ekman

2000

Photoderm Photoimm Photomed

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“…An experimental restraint stress model, with immobilization of legs induced by a 12 min intravenous (i.v.) infusion of the myorelaxant succinylcholine has been used to demonstrate increased C A levels and more severe myocardial and skeletal muscle lesions in SS pigs than in normal pigs (JONSSON et al, 1989;BJURSTROM et al, submitted for publication). It is suspected that increased myoplasmic Ca2+ levels play an important role in this rhabdomyolysis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Reduction of Skeletal Muscle Lesions after Experimental Stress in Stress‐susceptible Pigs Protected with Dantrolene

Bjurström

Carlsten

Jönsson

1995

Journal of Veterinary Medicine Series A

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Summary Malignant hyperthermia (MH) is a naturally occurring disease of stress‐susceptible (SS) pigs subjected to triggering agents or stress. MH is characterized by accelerated muscle metabolism and hyperthermia due to abnormally increased myoplasmic Ca2+ levels. Dantrolene is used for the treatment of MH and acts by reducing the myoplasmic Ca2+ levels. Muscle lesions can be induced by experimental restraint stress in SS pigs and are suspected to be caused by increased myoplasmic Ca2+ levels. This experiment was performed in order to study if stress induced muscle lesions could be reduced by dantrolene. Nine SS pigs were exposed to experimental restraint stress provoked by a 12 min intravenous (i.v.) infusion of the depolarizing myorelaxant succinylcholine. Five pigs were orally dosed with dantrolene (5 mg/kg), twice, about 24 and 5 h before the stress (group A). The other four pigs were treated with a single i.v. infusion of dantrolene (5 mg/kg), 30 min before stress (group B). The animals were necropsied approximately 48 h after the stress and 24 skeletal muscles were examined macro‐ and microscopically. No clinical signs of MH occurred during the experiment. The required dose of succinylcholine was higher in group B (0.08 mg/kg/min) than in group A (0.03 mg/kg/min) indicating decreased sensitivity to succinylcholine in SS pigs after i.v. treatment with dantrolene The pigs in group A, but not in group B showed slightly increased serum levels of creatine kinase (CK) and aspartate aminotransferase (ASAT) at time of necropsy. A significant reduction in acute muscle lesions was observed in both groups, especially in group B, when compared with SS pigs subjected to restraint stress, but not treated with dantrolene. The muscle lesions induced by the stress model are considered to be induced by increased myoplasmic Ca2+ levels since they can be reduced by dantrolene treatment.

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“…Neste estudo todos os tipos de estresse provocaram alterações morfológicas. O estresse psicológico também é conhecido como fator indutor de atrofia muscular, apoptose dos miócitos e lesões agudas nas fibras musculares (BJURSTRÖM et al, 1995;ENGELBRECHT et al, 2010). O aumento dos glicocorticoides durante a ativação do sistema simpático foi já relacionado com atrofia no músculo masseter (MARTRETTE et al, 2004); este aumento está ligado com a redução da síntese de proteínas miofibrilares, o aumento do seu catabolismo e uma redução na reserva de proteínas (ODEDRA et al, 1983;SEENE;VIRU, 1982).…”

Section: Alterações Da Morfologia Celular (He)unclassified

Efeitos do estresse sistêmico no músculo pterigóideo medial de ratos com e sem alteração oclusal

Fernández¹

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Emotional stress is a phenomenon of high incidence at globalized society that has been linked as a possible etiologic factor for many diseases. The effect of adrenergic activity in increased tone of skeletal muscles during episodes of chronic stress suggests the occurrence of others structurals and functionals alterations in the stomatognathic system, but the mechanism by which emotional factors can cause muscle dysfunction is not well understood. The malocclusion by tooth loss also promotes muscle changes that associated with the effects of stress can have a big impact on the etiology and development of orofacial pain and dysfunction. Stress and masticatory hypofunction are factors related to the appearance of temporomandibular disorders (TMD) and have not been evaluated in the medial pterygoid muscle. The aim of this work was to investigate the effects of acute and chronic stress on the medial pterygoid muscle of animals subjected or not to unilateral extraction, through morphological and physiological analyse. Forty male Wistar rats (♂-200g), young adults were randomly divided into two groups: Malocclusion group (M = 20) induced by unilateral upper left molar extraction and Not Malocclusion Group No (S = 20): rats without extractions. Each group (n = 20) was subdivided into four subgroups (n = 5): control group (CG), acute stress (GA), repeated chronic stress (GR) and varied chronic stress (GV). Stress protocols were performed from 14 th day after the extraction. Stress by physical restriction was used in GA (two hours, day 23 th) and GR (day 14 th to 23 th); GV was subjected to five different methodologies (day 14 th to 23 th). Euthanasia and collection of samples were performed on day 23 th. It was evaluated: cell morphology by hematoxylin eosin (HE), metabolic activity and muscle oxidative capacity by staining for succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH), production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and capillary density of muscle by immunohistochemistry for proteins alpha CD-31 and Laminin. Normal distribution of data was observed. A factorial ANOVA test with fixed factors of variation was performed and then Tukey-Kramer test (p <0.05). Stress and malocclusion, isolated or associated, induced morphological and physiological changes in the left medial pterygoid muscle; dimorphism of muscle fibers and nuclei of central localization were induced by both factors; increased oxidative metabolism was observed with stress and antagonistic effect with malocclusion; stress increased muscle capillary density and a tendency to oxidative stress increased was observed. The association of chronic stress and malocclusion had increased the glycolytic metabolism. It was concluded that systemic chronic stress has physiological and morphological effects in the medial pterygoid muscle and associated with masticatory hypofunction, could be a possible cause for the development of TMD.

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Distribution and Morphology of Skeletal Muscle Lesions after Experimental Restraint Stress in Normal and Stress‐susceptible Pigs

Cited by 8 publications

References 20 publications

Effects of a 2‐week treatment with pulsed monochromatic light in healthy pigs: a clinical and morphological study

Effects of a 2‐week treatment with pulsed monochromatic light in healthy pigs: a clinical and morphological study

The Reduction of Skeletal Muscle Lesions after Experimental Stress in Stress‐susceptible Pigs Protected with Dantrolene

Efeitos do estresse sistêmico no músculo pterigóideo medial de ratos com e sem alteração oclusal

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