Craniofacial Classification of Normal Newborns in Maiduguri Metropolis, Nigeria

Garba, Sani Hyedima; Numan, Aisha Ismaila; Mishara, I. G

doi:10.4067/s0717-95022008000200026

Cited by 22 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 9 publications

(4 reference statements)

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“…Regarding the dominant head type, these findings are supported by a study carried out by Bharati et al (2001) which concludes that head forms are dolicocephalic in tropical zones and brachycephalic in temperate zones. It also agrees with the work of Garba et al (2008) in Maiduguri metropolis that reported the dominant head type in newborns to be dolicocephalic. The cephalic and prosopic indices from this study is agreed by some studies and contradicted by some studies (Table IV).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Craniofacial Forms among Three Dominant Ethnic Groups of Gombe State, Nigeria

2012

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SUMMARY:Anthropometric measurements such as cranial and facial forms provide essential information that can be used added provide in orofacial surgery and in diagnostic comprehension between patient and normal populations. There is no published literature about the types of head and face shapes in Fulani, Tangale and Tera ethnic groups of Nigeria. Hence, this study was undertaken to document the various cranial and facial forms of these ethnic groups residing in Gombe region of North-Eastern Nigeria. Head length, head width, head circumference, face length and face width were measured and the cephalic and prosopic indices calculated in a total of 300 subjects (150 males and 150 females). Results analyzed placed all males of the three ethnic groups in dolicocephalic head group with mean cephalic indices lower than 74.9, while all females to mesocephalic head group with mean cephalic indices between the range of 75-79.9. On the basis of face shapes, The Fulani and Tera males were found to belong to hyperleptoprosopic group, while the Tangale and Tera females to leptoprosopic group with prosopic indices over 95 and between the ranges of 90-94.9, respectively. Therefore, the findings revealed that all males and females of the three ethnic groups share close similarities in head types and some variations in face types. Furthermore, variation of head and face shapes from this study exists with those of other studies within and outside Nigeria.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Craniofacial Forms among Three Dominant Ethnic Groups of Gombe State, Nigeria

2012

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“…[11] Garba (2008) concluded in an anthropometric study done in Northern Nigeria that most of the crania were dolicocephalic 66.5%; stating 24.5% accounted for mesocephaly. [1] This case study is in line with the theory of Hadlock (1984) and similar to a post-natal allegory by Howells (1989) and Keating (1997). [12,14] Uncertain gene determination of active froto-temporaldepression [ Figures 1 and 2] appears to simultaneously establish a deformation sequence preceding cranial suture closure.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 63%

“…In Maiduguri, Nigeria Garba and Human (2008) studied cranial index (C.I) in both gender. [1] They documented female cephalus were mesocephalic (40.0%) or dolichocephalic (43.3%). Males were with 33.3% mesocephalic crania; while 66.7% accounted for dolichocephaly.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cranial Fronto – Temporal Depression in a Fetus (A Case Report)

Moyosore¹,

Kofoworola²,

Kolawole³

et al. 2017

aanat

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Ultrasound shape of the crania was seen by measuring a frozen sonogram of the Biparietal Diameter (BPD) and Cranial Index (CI). The objective aims to report the value of prenatal ultrasound in identifying acute frontotemporal depression. Also, to review specific developmental skull anatomy as it relates to the formation of cranial and fontanelle anomaly. Little data exists on the prevalence of this rare heterogeneous condition; 1 in 3,600 live births with genetic or hereditary factors responsible for most cases. The report in question was observed under routine ultrasound at 26 weeks gestation. Better understanding of fetal skull development (through sonar), and calvaric sutures will further help sonologists in evaluation of fetal brain. Ongoing research developments can be used to further evaluate cranial 'osteo' development as a consequence of synchondrosis and multiple suture unity.

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“…Past studies also have not included gestational diabetes as a putative risk factor in their models at all [6,8,35,36]. Furthermore, we did not categorize the infants as brachycephalic, mesocephalic and dolicocephalic because cut-off points for the CI are difficult to determine as there is no consensus on the limits for a normal CI in newborns, while the average head shape radically varies between different cultures and populations [37][38][39]. Nevertheless, there was no difference in the CI between plagiocephalic and other infants in our study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%