Cranial variation in bottlenose dolphinsTursiops spp. from the Indian andwestern Pacific Oceans: additional evidence for two species

Kurihara, Nozomi; Oda, Sen-ichi

doi:10.1007/bf03194238

Cited by 16 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…, Hale et al . , Shirakihara , Kurihara and Oda ). However, the Indo‐Pacific bottlenose dolphin apparently refers to two different phylogenetic units ( i.e ., species or subspecies); one identified along the coast of Africa (Natoli et al .…”

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confidence: 95%

“…The genus Tursiops has been particularly challenging when it comes to assigning taxonomic units (Reeves et al 2004). Two species are currently accepted on the basis of genetics, osteology, and external morphology: the common bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) and the Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops aduncus) (Ross 1977, LeDuc et al 1999, Wang et al 1999, Hale et al 2000, Shirakihara 2003, Kurihara and Oda 2007. However, the Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphin apparently refers to two different phylogenetic units (i.e., species or subspecies); one identified along the coast of Africa (Natoli et al 2004(Natoli et al , S€ arnblad et al 2011, and one found in several locations of the western Pacific Ocean, including China, Japan, Korea, and Australia (Wang et al 1999, Kakuda et al 2002, Perrin et al 2007, Kim et al 2010, Kita et al 2013, and the eastern Indian Ocean (in Indonesia, Wang et al 1999).…”

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Phylogenetic identification and population differentiation of bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops spp.) in Melanesia, as revealed by mitochondrial DNA

Oremus¹,

Garrigue²,

Tezanos‐Pinto

et al. 2015

Marine Mammal Science

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The taxonomic status of many dolphin populations remains uncertain in poorly studied regions of the world's ocean. Here we attempt to clarify the phylogenetic identity of two distinct forms of bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops spp.) described in the Melanesian region of the Pacific Ocean. Mitochondrial DNA control region sequences from samples collected in New Caledonia (n = 88) and the Solomon Islands (n = 19) were compared to previously published sequences of Tursiops spp., representing four phylogenetic units currently recognized within the genus. Phylogenetic reconstructions confirm that the smaller coastal form in Melanesia belongs to the same phylogenetic unit as T. aduncus populations in the Pacific, but differs from T. aduncus in Africa, and that the larger more oceanic form belongs to the species T. truncatus. Analyses of population diversity reveal high levels of regional population structuring among the two forms, with contrasting levels of diversity. From a conservation perspective, genetic isolation of T. aduncus in the Solomon Islands raises further concern about recent impacts of the commercial, live‐capture export industry. Furthermore, the low level of mtDNA diversity in T. aduncus of New Caledonia suggests a recent population bottleneck or founder effect and isolation. This raises concerns for the conservation status of these local populations.

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confidence: 99%

Phylogenetic identification and population differentiation of bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops spp.) in Melanesia, as revealed by mitochondrial DNA

Oremus¹,

Garrigue²,

Tezanos‐Pinto

et al. 2015

Marine Mammal Science

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“…Similarly, its taxonomy has long been controversial (Hershkovitz, ). Today, T. truncatus and T. aduncus are currently accepted species (Perrin, Thewissen & Würsig, ) based on independent lines of evidence obtained from morphology, osteology and genetics (Wang, Chou & White, , ; Hale, Barreto & Ross, ; Möller & Beheregaray, ; Kakuda et al ., ; Kemper, ; Kurihara & Oda, , ). However, the taxonomic relationships within Tursiops are unclear at the global level, thus requiring local studies and examinations of type specimens.…”

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confidence: 99%

Phylogeography, genetic diversity and population structure of common bottlenose dolphins in the Wider Caribbean inferred from analyses of mitochondrial DNA control region sequences and microsatellite loci: conservation and management implications

Caballero

Islas-Villanueva

Tezanos‐Pinto

et al. 2011

Animal Conservation

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This study presents the first comprehensive genetic analyses of common bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) based on mitochondrial DNA and microsatellite loci in the Wider Caribbean. Live captures of bottlenose dolphins have been occurring since the turn of the 20th century in Wider Caribbean waters where little is known about their population structure and genetic diversity. In this study, blood or tissue samples were obtained from stranded or captive dolphins from nine geographic regions. One hundred fifty-eight sequences of the mitochondrial DNA control region and nine microsatellite loci were analyzed and compared with previously published sequences. This study revealed the presence of 'inshore' ecotype and 'worldwide distributed form' haplotypes of bottlenose dolphins in Wider Caribbean waters. At the mitochondrial level, genetic differentiation between these two groups was significant (FST = 0.805, P < 0.001). Analyses of mitochondrial DNA sequences at a wider geographic level revealed three genetically differentiated (FST = 0.254, FST = 0.590, P < 0.001) population units: Puerto Rico, Cuba/Colombia/Bahamas/Mexico, and Honduras. There was evidence of low female-mediated gene flow among these population units (Nmf = 1.46). Microsatellite analyses identified four somewhat different population units: Honduras/Colombia/Puerto Rico, Bahamas, Cuba and Mexico. The presence of 'worldwide distributed form' and 'inshore' ecotype haplotypes in particular population units, may be causing differences in the population structure pattern showed by each molecular marker. Decreased observed heterozygosity and three loci out of the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium were found in the Honduras/Colombia/Puerto Rico population unit suggesting a Wahlund effect. The genetic differentiation and divergence between the two forms identified in this study must be taken into consideration for captive programs that aim to reproduce bottlenose dolphins from this region. Although genetic diversity at the mitochondrial and microsatellite level in these dolphins seems to be relatively high, additional demographic and abundance data must be obtained before more captures are allowed. Animal Conservation. Print ISSN 1367-9430 Animal Conservation 15 (2012) 95-112 Phylogeography of bottlenose dolphins in the Caribbean S. Caballero et al. 96 Animal Conservation 15 (2012) 95-112 Animal Conservation 15 (2012) 95-112

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“…However, the taxonomic inconsistency of delphinids will only be overcome by integrating genetic and morphological methods (Chiari et al . , Kurihara and Oda ), and by incorporating samples from a large geographical area or even different ocean basins. Our study challenges previous genetic studies identifying the genus Tursiops as polyphyletic, with T. aduncus closer to Stenella and Delphinus than to other species of Tursiops .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The inconsistency between results based on genetic studies supporting either monophyly (McGowen et al 2009, Steeman et al 2009) or polyphyly (LeDuc et al 1999, Kingston et al 2009, Xiong et al 2009) for Tursiops, shows the necessity to use several genetic markers with different evolutionary history to make sound phylogenetic inferences. However, the taxonomic inconsistency of delphinids will only be overcome by integrating genetic and morphological methods (Chiari et al 2009, Kurihara andOda 2007), and by incorporating samples from a large geographical area or even different ocean basins. Our study challenges previous genetic studies identifying the genus Tursiops as polyphyletic, with T. aduncus closer to Stenella and Delphinus than to other species of Tursiops.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cranial morphology and taxonomic resolution of some dolphin taxa (Delphinidae) in Australian waters, with a focus on the genus Tursiops

Jedensjö

Kemper

Krützen

2016

Marine Mammal Science

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Phylogenetic relationships in the family Delphinidae have been widely debated. We examined 347 skulls of Tursiops, Stenella, Delphinus, Steno, Lagenodelphis, and Sousa in order to resolve the phylogenetic position of Australian species of Tursiops. Five Tursiops type specimens were included. Cranial morphology was described using 2‐dimensional (2‐D) and 3‐dimensional geometric morphometrics (3‐GM), counts and categorical data. Analyses showed a clear morphological separation of Tursiops, including type specimens, from other genera. The three Stenella species did not cluster together. Stenella attenuata clustered with Delphinus delphis, and Stenella coeruleoalba with Lagenodelphis hosei. Length and width of the skull and rostrum were important discriminators in both methods. For 3‐D data, round vs. angular posterior skull shape distinguished some genera. Taxa that overlapped in the multivariate analyses had different mean tooth counts. Our study challenges genetic studies that identified Tursiops as polyphyletic, with T. aduncus closer to S. attenuata.

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Cranial variation in bottlenose dolphinsTursiops spp. from the Indian andwestern Pacific Oceans: additional evidence for two species

Cited by 16 publications

References 22 publications

Phylogenetic identification and population differentiation of bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops spp.) in Melanesia, as revealed by mitochondrial DNA

Phylogenetic identification and population differentiation of bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops spp.) in Melanesia, as revealed by mitochondrial DNA

Phylogeography, genetic diversity and population structure of common bottlenose dolphins in the Wider Caribbean inferred from analyses of mitochondrial DNA control region sequences and microsatellite loci: conservation and management implications

Cranial morphology and taxonomic resolution of some dolphin taxa (Delphinidae) in Australian waters, with a focus on the genus Tursiops

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