Cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon) extract treatment improves triglyceridemia, liver cholesterol, liver steatosis, oxidative damage and corticosteronemia in rats rendered obese by high fat diet

Peixoto, Thamara Cherem; Moura, Egberto Gaspar de; Oliveira, Elaine de; Soares, P.N.; Guarda, Deysla Sabino; Bernardino, Dayse Nascimento; Ai, Xu; Rodrigues, Vanessa da Silva Tavares; Souza, Gabriela Rodrigues de; Silva, Antônio J. R. da; Figueiredo, Mariana Sarto; Manhães, Alex C.; Lisboa, Patrícia Cristina

doi:10.1007/s00394-017-1467-2

Cited by 27 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Obesity increases the body fat content and body weight gain, which is associated with several health hazards, thereby reducing the life expectancy [4]. Treatment of obesity is time consuming and considered to be a complicated process with no easy solutions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several recent studies have identified that there exists an inverse relationship between dietary calcium intake and the mass of adipose tissue or body fat content, which in turn modulate the risk of obesity [3]. Obesity is a global health issue and associated with other metabolic diseases including dyslipidemia, insulin resistance (IR), cardiovascular dysfunction, cancer, chronic inflammation, and oxidative stress [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prolonged Exposure to Different Types of Energy Restricted Calcium Diet Modulates the Inflammatory and Oxidative Stress Response in Healthy Male Rats

Das

Choudhuri

2019

Asian J Pharm Clin Res

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Objective: Emerging evidence established the role of dietary calcium in the modulation of obesity. Obesity is known to induce inflammatory and oxidative stress in adipocytes resulting in several metabolic complications. In the present study, we evaluated the role of low and high calcium diet on systemic inflammatory response and oxidative stress markers in both plasma and hepatic tissues in male rats. Methods: A total of 30 male rats were divided into three groups and fed with control, low calcium (0.25%), and high calcium (1.0%) diet for 3 months. All the diets were isocaloric in nature. At the end of the treatment, all rats were sacrificed, followed by collection of blood and hepatic tissue for inflammatory, oxidative, antioxidant, and histological study. Results: Rats fed with a low calcium diet showed a significant increase in the body weight gain, liver mass, plasma inflammatory markers C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha. Low calcium diet significantly increased the lipid peroxidation and protein carbonylation and decreased the superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities in both plasma and liver. High calcium diet, on the other hand, showed the reversed effect. Conclusion: Low calcium in the diet, along with obesity, increases the systemic inflammatory response, which in turn increases oxidative stress both in blood and hepatic tissues. This might be associated with obesity-induced hepatic disorder. High calcium in diet attenuates this effect.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prolonged Exposure to Different Types of Energy Restricted Calcium Diet Modulates the Inflammatory and Oxidative Stress Response in Healthy Male Rats

Das

Choudhuri

2019

Asian J Pharm Clin Res

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“…For the liver ( n = 5–6 offspring per sex/group), the images were acquired with a 60× magnification (TIFF format, 36-bit color, 1360 × 1024 pixels). The method used for the stereological evaluation was the point counting system [ 61 ]. The magnitude of steatosis, based on Brunt’s classification with modifications for rats, was evaluated by two blind researchers.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cigarette Smoke During Breastfeeding in Rats Changes Glucocorticoid and Vitamin D Status in Obese Adult Offspring

Soares

Rodrigues

Peixoto

et al. 2018

IJMS

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Maternal smoking increases obesogenesis in the progeny. Obesity is associated with several hormonal dysfunctions. In a rat model of postnatal tobacco smoke exposure, we previously reported increased central fat depot and disruption of some hormonal systems in the adult offspring. As both glucocorticoids and vitamin D alter lipogenesis and adipogenesis, here we evaluated the metabolism of these two hormones in visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and liver by Western blotting, and possible associations with lipogenesis biomarkers in adult rats that were exposed to tobacco smoke during their suckling period. At postnatal day (PN) 3, dams and offspring of both sexes were exposed (S group) or not (C group) to tobacco smoke, 4 × 1 h/day. At PN180, corticosteronemia was lower in S male and higher in S female offspring, without alterations in peripheral glucocorticoid metabolism and receptor. Adrenal ACTH receptor (MC2R) was higher in both sexes of S group. Despite unchanged serum vitamin D, liver 25-hydroxylase was higher in both sexes of S group. Male S offspring had higher 1α-hydroxylase, acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC), and fatty acid synthase (FAS) in VAT. Both sexes showed increased ACC protein content and reduced sirtuin mRNA in liver. Male S offspring had lower liver peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α. Tobacco exposure during lactation induced abdominal obesity in both sexes via distinct mechanisms. Males and females seem to develop HPA-axis dysfunction instead of changes in glucocorticoid metabolism and action. Lipogenesis in VAT and liver, as well as vitamin D status, are more influenced by postnatal smoke exposure in male than in female adult rat offspring.

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“…Researchers may include compositional analyses of their chosen study material for a subset of chemical components, typically flavonoids or other phenolics [149,154], but these classes of compounds make up a relatively small overall percentage (<5% w/w) of most available cranberry materials [1,148]. Cranberries are often described as having a "high total phenolic content" but this type of description is only accurate in relation to other fruits and foods (e.g., cranberry has a higher total phenolic content than strawberry) [60], not in relation to other compounds present in the cranberry itself.…”

Section: Composition Ambiguity For Cranberry Productsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Decreases in bile acid levels have been associated with the cholesterol-lowering effects of certain foods, such as oats, and with the detoxification of harmful and carcinogenic metabolites [126,187,189,304]. Investigations of other dietary fibers have indicated that fiber viscosity may influence bile acid binding and subsequent cholesterol lowering effects [189] and the high viscosity of soluble cranberry pectins [139] may therefore contribute to the bile acid binding and cholesterol lowering effects observed for cranberry materials [7,154,309].…”

Section: Recognized Composition Influences Bioactivity Interpretationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oligosaccharides and Complex Carbohydrates: A New Paradigm for Cranberry Bioactivity

Coleman

Ferreira

2020

Molecules

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Cranberry is a well-known functional food, but the compounds directly responsible for many of its reported health benefits remain unidentified. Complex carbohydrates, specifically xyloglucan and pectic oligosaccharides, are the newest recognized class of biologically active compounds identified in cranberry materials. Cranberry oligosaccharides have shown similar biological properties as other dietary oligosaccharides, including effects on bacterial adhesion, biofilm formation, and microbial growth. Immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory activity has also been observed. Oligosaccharides may therefore be significant contributors to many of the health benefits associated with cranberry products. Soluble oligosaccharides are present at relatively high concentrations (~20% w/w or greater) in many cranberry materials, and yet their possible contributions to biological activity have remained unrecognized. This is partly due to the inherent difficulty of detecting these compounds without intentionally seeking them. Inconsistencies in product descriptions and terminology have led to additional confusion regarding cranberry product composition and the possible presence of oligosaccharides. This review will present our current understanding of cranberry oligosaccharides and will discuss their occurrence, structures, ADME, biological properties, and possible prebiotic effects for both gut and urinary tract microbiota. Our hope is that future investigators will consider these compounds as possible significant contributors to the observed biological effects of cranberry.

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Cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon) extract treatment improves triglyceridemia, liver cholesterol, liver steatosis, oxidative damage and corticosteronemia in rats rendered obese by high fat diet

Abstract: Although adiposity was not completely reversed, cranberry extract improved the metabolic profile and reduced oxidative damage and steatosis in HFD-fed rats, which suggests that it can help manage obesity-related disorders.

Cited by 27 publications

References 48 publications

Prolonged Exposure to Different Types of Energy Restricted Calcium Diet Modulates the Inflammatory and Oxidative Stress Response in Healthy Male Rats

Prolonged Exposure to Different Types of Energy Restricted Calcium Diet Modulates the Inflammatory and Oxidative Stress Response in Healthy Male Rats

Cigarette Smoke During Breastfeeding in Rats Changes Glucocorticoid and Vitamin D Status in Obese Adult Offspring

Oligosaccharides and Complex Carbohydrates: A New Paradigm for Cranberry Bioactivity

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