Crackling noise and avalanches in minerals

Salje, Ekhard K. H.; Jiang, Xiang

doi:10.1007/s00269-021-01138-6

Cited by 15 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 141 publications

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“…Typically, the energy exponent ε varies between 1 and 3 2 , 4 , 13 , 30 , 35 for crackling noise investigated by macroscopic and bulk measurements. In our measurement, we enable using AFM-based nanoindentation as a driver for crackling noise to analyse microscopic areas on a ferroelectric material.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crackling noise microscopy

et al. 2023

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Crackling noise is a scale-invariant phenomenon found in various driven nonlinear dynamical material systems as a response to external stimuli such as force or external fields. Jerky material movements in the form of avalanches can span many orders of magnitude in size and follow universal scaling rules described by power laws. The concept was originally studied as Barkhausen noise in magnetic materials and now is used in diverse fields from earthquake research and building materials monitoring to fundamental research involving phase transitions and neural networks. Here, we demonstrate a method for nanoscale crackling noise measurements based on AFM nanoindentation, where the AFM probe can be used to study the crackling of individual nanoscale features, a technique we call crackling noise microscopy. The method is successfully applied to investigate the crackling of individual topological defects, i.e. ferroelectric domain walls. We show that critical exponents for avalanches are altered at these nanoscale features, leading to a suppression of mixed-criticality, which is otherwise present in domains. The presented concept opens the possibility of investigating the crackling of individual nanoscale features in a wide range of material systems.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crackling noise microscopy

et al. 2023

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“…The whole measurements were performed at a room temperature of 23 degrees Celsius. On the other hand, there are six hundred initial data points used for the field strength FFT, and the adjacent array means the smoothing function was introduced to avoid jerky avalanches [28] during the data calculation process. The experimental results are shown in Figure 1b, where the frequency-domain spectrum of the sample tends to zero around 1.6 THz, so the data analysis range is selected from 0.2 to 1.6 THz.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insights into a Mineral Resource Chlorite Mica Carbonate Schist by Terahertz Spectroscopy Technology

et al. 2022

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Nowadays, the mineral resources formed by geological processes have been effectively utilized with the boom exploration of novel technologies. Traditional analytical methods, such as X-ray Fluorescence, X-ray diffraction, and Scanning electron microscopy, remain the commonly used approaches for resource detection. However, recent accelerations in terahertz component progress have promoted researchers to discover more potential technologies in mineral resource exploration. In this article, the various porosities and calcination products of Chlorite mica carbonate schist, a mineral resource and potent medicine, are detected using the terahertz time–domain spectroscopy. The terahertz constant measurement of Chlorite mica carbonate schist tablets including the amplitude and phase values was carried out. After Fourier transforms, notable differences of absorption coefficients and refractive index are observed from these experimental samples, which have compelling indications to quantitatively analyze the pore conditions and pyrolytic properties of mineral resources. This active research has vital implications for the rock reservoir properties analysis and mineral energy utilization. It is also identified that terahertz time–domain spectroscopy can be considered as a promising method for the qualitative, reliable, and efficient detection of mineral resources.

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“…During avalanche evolution we find that often one instability triggers another instability. This means that several avalanche mechanisms interact and mix dynamically [66]. In this situation, probability densities are no longer simple power laws but show the typical up-wards curvature of mixed power laws [67].…”

Section: Avalanche Mixingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acoustic Emission Spectroscopy: Applications in Geomaterials and Related Materials

et al. 2021

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As a non-destructive testing technology with fast response and high resolution, acoustic emission is widely used in material monitoring. The material deforms under stress and releases elastic waves. The wave signals are received by piezoelectric sensors and converted into electrical signals for rapid storage and analysis. Although the acoustic emission signal is not the original stress signal inside the material, the typical statistical distributions of acoustic emission energy and waiting time between signals are not affected by signal conversion. In this review, we first introduce acoustic emission technology and its main parameters. Then, the relationship between the exponents of power law distributed AE signals and material failure state is reviewed. The change of distribution exponent reflects the transition of the material’s internal failure from a random and uncorrelated state to an interrelated state, and this change can act as an early warning of material failure. The failure process of materials is often not a single mechanism, and the interaction of multiple mechanisms can be reflected in the probability density distribution of the AE energy. A large number of examples, including acoustic emission analysis of biocemented geological materials, hydroxyapatite (human teeth), sandstone creep, granite, and sugar lumps are introduced. Finally, some supplementary discussions are made on the applicability of Båth’s law.

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Crackling noise and avalanches in minerals

Cited by 15 publications

References 141 publications

Crackling noise microscopy

Crackling noise microscopy

Insights into a Mineral Resource Chlorite Mica Carbonate Schist by Terahertz Spectroscopy Technology

Acoustic Emission Spectroscopy: Applications in Geomaterials and Related Materials

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