Cracking reactions of tar from pyrolysis of spruce wood

Rath, Johannes; Staudinger, Gernot

doi:10.1016/s0016-2361(01)00016-3

Cited by 124 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The integral Coats-Redfern method was employed for mathematical analysis, which has been successfully employed for investigations of the pyrolysis kinetic parameters (Liang and Kozinski 2000;Vamvuka et al 2003;Sun et al 2010). The degradation rate of biomass is defined as the equation of an Arrhenius type kinetic model, and the first-order-reaction-based Arrhenius theory is commonly employed in the kinetic analysis of pyrolysis (Rath and Staudinger 2001). The reaction rate constant k (s -1 ) can be described based on the Arrhenius equation (Eq.…”

Section: Parameters Of Reaction Kineticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research on the Thermo-Physical Properties of Corncob Residues as Gasification Feedstock and Assessment for Characterization of Corncob Ash from Gasification

Yao

Liang

2016

BioResources

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Harnessing energy from biomass is environmentally friendly because of the essentially zero net CO2 impact. As a common agricultural byproduct, corncobs are abundant in quantity. This study was carried out to examine the thermo-physical properties of corncobs and characterize the properties of corncob ash produced from gasification, in order to provide a basis for transforming it into value-added products. The results showed that the pyrolysis of corncobs followed a three-step, stepwise mechanism. Activation energies calculated by the Coats-Redfern method at heating rates of 5, 10, and 20 °C/min were 79.08, 76.73, and 75.78 kJ·mol -1 , respectively, implying that the corncobs could be decomposed easily at high heating rates. The emissions of CO, CO2, CH4, H2, H2O, and O2 during pyrolysis corresponded well with thermal curves. Corncob ash could be a good fertilizer because of its high contents of K, P, and Ca. The high SiO2 content makes the corncob ash suitable for ceramics and blended cement concrete. Sylvite (KCl) and quartz (SiO2) were the two major crystal phases in the corncob ash. Relatively large particles of unburnt carbon residues in the ash indicated that low-cost adsorbent could be developed from these carbon residues.

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Section: Parameters Of Reaction Kineticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research on the Thermo-Physical Properties of Corncob Residues as Gasification Feedstock and Assessment for Characterization of Corncob Ash from Gasification

Yao

Liang

2016

BioResources

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“…However, because of its high oxygen and water content and low stability, bio-oil is generally considered a crude product to be used in the production of refined (i.e., upgraded) biofuels and industrial chemicals, including liquid transportation fuels [12]. Pyrolysis in this temperature range often produces residual tars which can be a useful output or an undesirable byproduct, depending on production objectives [17].…”

Section: Overview Of Pyrolysis and Gasification Productsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparison of Producer Gas, Biochar, and Activated Carbon from Two Distributed Scale Thermochemical Conversion Systems Used to Process Forest Biomass

et al. 2013

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Thermochemical biomass conversion systems have the potential to produce heat, power, fuels and other products from forest biomass at distributed scales that meet the needs of some forest industry facilities. However, many of these systems have not been deployed in this sector and the products they produce from forest biomass have not been adequately described or characterized with regards to chemical properties, possible uses, and markets. This paper characterizes the producer gas, biochar, and activated carbon of a 700 kg h −1 prototype gasification system and a 225 kg h −1 pyrolysis system used to process coniferous sawmill and forest residues. Producer gas from sawmill residues processed with the gasifier had higher energy content than gas from forest residues, with averages of 12.4 MJ m for forest residues. Biochars produced have OPEN ACCESSEnergies 2013, 6 165 similar particle size distributions and bulk density, but vary in pH and carbon content. Biochars from both systems were successfully activated using steam activation, with resulting BET surface area in the range of commercial activated carbon. Results are discussed in the context of co-locating these systems with forest industry operations.

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“…We also notice that even if the 650°C level is situated in the middle of the temperature range 500°C-800°C the variation curve follows closely the higher temperature shape. This can be explained by the fixed carbon behavior that begins to be liberated starting with 500°C [6]. So we expect the pyrolysis char at 650°C to be similar to the one obtained at 800°C.…”

Section: Results and Analysis 31 Operational Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 57%

Analysis on the MSW thermal degradation processes

Mărculescu

Antonini²,

Badea³

2013

Issue 1

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The waste to renewable energy source has become a priority in the wastes treatment field. The research goal is not only the wastes destruction but also a better thermal energy recovery from the processes. The municipal solid waste presents a high heterogeneity degree from the dimensional point of view, form and its components specific weight of as well as thermal-chemical characteristics. That's why there are many treatment methods, each one with its own particularities.For a better understanding of the phenomenon during thermal degradation processes both under pyrolysis or atmospheric pressure gasification stages we first accomplished a laboratory scale series of experiments in a tubular reactor, on small quantities (5 -10 grams) of reconstituted urban wastes. For the validation of the obtained data on more representative samples we extended the experiment to an original industrial scale pilot installation that enables the continuous thermal treatment of 10 -50 waste kilograms per hour under oxidant or non-oxidant atmosphere (on choice) and at variable temperature between 400 °C -1100 ºC. The residential time of the treated sample in the installation and the flow conditions can be set independently. The installation reproduces the incinerators or the pyrolysis / gasification reactor process conditions and provides complete information on the wastes thermal degradation kinetics and on the pollutant emissions. The particularity of the device consists in the product advancing piston -like flow system based on the bed vibration. The product particles in the bed have a translation movement without any layer shift. Therefore the particles distribution in a given product bed section is the same all along the installation from the feeding inlet to the extraction. That characteristic enables us to extrapolate and compare the laboratory results of the fixed bed treatment to the industrial pilot continuously treatment applied on the same product: reconstituted municipal solid waste, one of the most heterogynous solid wastes in mixture.The main targets were the sample mass reduction rate, the resulting gases composition, the samples mechanical behavior for different temperature levels, residential time, treatment atmosphere conditions and different steam flow rates (in the gasification process). The results were compared to an established reference -the incineration.The paper presents the research and results on the degradation mechanisms of MSW treated samples in those two equipments

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Cracking reactions of tar from pyrolysis of spruce wood

Cited by 124 publications

References 16 publications

Research on the Thermo-Physical Properties of Corncob Residues as Gasification Feedstock and Assessment for Characterization of Corncob Ash from Gasification

Research on the Thermo-Physical Properties of Corncob Residues as Gasification Feedstock and Assessment for Characterization of Corncob Ash from Gasification

A Comparison of Producer Gas, Biochar, and Activated Carbon from Two Distributed Scale Thermochemical Conversion Systems Used to Process Forest Biomass

Analysis on the MSW thermal degradation processes

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