Cracking of Stressed Polyethylene

DeCoste, Jared B.; Malm, Fabian; Wallder, V. T.

doi:10.1021/ie50493a035

Cited by 53 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…Cracking of the LDPE wire and cable coating was observed after specific time intervals where wire and cable bending was prevalent resulting in stress‐induced failure. This was traced to soap application [1, 2] and resistance to surfactant‐induced stress failure of polyethylene became a standardized test for polyethylene performance still employed today (ASTM: D1693).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental stress cracking: A review

Robeson

2012

Polymer Engineering & Sci

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Environmental stress failure of polymers (specifically glassy thermoplastics) is a major failure mode in application end use. The environmental stress failure discussion will primarily be limited to non‐reactive environments. Crystalline polymers and even lightly crosslinked polymers can exhibit similar failure to glassy polymers but often require a much higher external applied stress. The mechanisms of environmental stress cracking proposed in the literature will be discussed in detail along with testing methods commonly employed. Approaches to resolve environmental stress failure have limited discussion in the open literature although a significant number of references can be found in the patent literature. Polymer blend approaches, fiberglass reinforcement, and impact modification are areas where industry has solved the environmental stress failure problems. An additional unique mode of failure with water exposure in glassy engineering polymers yielding microcavity formation will also be discussed. Environmental stress failure is an area of considerable concern to the utilization of polymers in a myriad of applications and the unsolved problems existing in the area will be detailed suggesting the need for additional research attention. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2013. © 2012 Society of Plastics Engineers

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental stress cracking: A review

Robeson

2012

Polymer Engineering & Sci

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“…For example, for one type of polyethylene it is reported [6] that at 298 K (25°C) about ten weight-percent of n-dodecane (C 12 H 26 ) is absorbed, whereas at 333 K (60°C) the amount absorbed is about thirty weight-percent.…”

Section: Stress Cracking In Polyethylenementioning

confidence: 99%

“…It can be observed that several of the substances listed fall into the category of hazardous materia' [6] and [7]. The remainder of this section will be concerned with a brief description of how some of the material parameters influence stress-cracking and of the direction taken by a number of researchers in attempting to predict time to fail due to stress cracking under an arbitrary condition of stress, environment, and temperature.…”

Section: Stress Cracking In Polyethylenementioning

confidence: 99%

Performance of plastic packaging for hazardous materials transportation :

Crissman¹,

Zapas²

1977

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“…The conventional method to evaluate environmental stress cracking resistance (ESCR) of polymers is time-to-fail experiments using either constant load (1) or constant deformation (2). Unfortunately, interpretation of this type of test is not clear since the mode of cracking may change during crack propagation: and the data tend to be scattered because of inherent flaws in the material.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detergent assisted stress cracking in low density polyethylene

Chang

Donovan

1990

Polymer Engineering & Sci

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Igepal assisted environmental stress cracking (ESC) of LDPE has shown three characteristic regions with increasing crack driving force: Region I‐crack speed and craze length increased. Region II‐crack speed and duplex plastic zone length were constant, and Region Ill‐crack speed decreased while the deformation zone length increased. The activation energies for the three regions were 100, 23, 20 kJ/mole, respectively. The proposed rate controlling processes of ESC for the LDPE/Igepal system are: Region 1 is controlled by a;‐relaxation, and Region II and III are controlled by lamellar orientation. The Igepal plasticizes the amorphous phase and facilitates the stress induced orientation of the lamellar.

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Cracking of Stressed Polyethylene

Cited by 53 publications

References 0 publications

Environmental stress cracking: A review

Environmental stress cracking: A review

Performance of plastic packaging for hazardous materials transportation :

Detergent assisted stress cracking in low density polyethylene

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