CpG Oligodeoxynucleotides Induce Differential Cytokine and Chemokine Gene Expression Profiles in Dapulian and Landrace Pigs

Abstract

Oligodeoxynucleotides containing unmethylated CpG motifs (CpG ODN) mimic the immunostimulatory activity of microbial DNA by interacting with Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) to activate both the innate and adaptive immune responses in different species. However, few studies have been published to compare the effects of CpG ODN on different pig breeds. Therefore, in this study, whole blood gene expression profiles of DPL and Landrace pigs treated with CpG ODN were studied using RNA-seq technology. Five Hundred differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified between the two breeds. DPL pigs had significantly higher number of immune-relevant DEGs than the Landrace pigs after CpG ODN treatment. Pathway analysis showed that cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction and chemokine signaling pathway were the major enriched pathways of the immune-relevant DEGs. Further in vitro experiments showed that PBMCs of the DPL pigs had significantly higher levels of TLR9 mRNA than those of the Landrace pigs, both before and after CpG ODN stimulation. Cytokine and chemokine induction in the PBMCs of both breeds were also measured after CpG ODN stimulation. Our data showed that mRNA levels of cytokines (IFNα, IL8, IL12 p40) and chemokines (CXCL9, CXCL13) were significantly higher in the PBMCs of the DPL pigs than those of the Landrace pigs. Taken together, our data provide new information regarding the pig breed difference in response to CpG ODN stimulation and that higher levels of TLR9 mRNA in DPL pigs may be a major contributor for disease resistance.

Impact of Fermented Corn–Soybean Meal on Gene Expression of Immunity in the Blood, Level of Secretory Immunoglobulin A, and Mucosa-Associated Bacterial Community in the Intestine of Grower–Finisher Pigs

“…It has been reported that TLRs play a vital role in immunity (32). One previous study showed that the expression of TLRs may reflect the status of disease resistance of pigs (33,34). In our study, we found that the mRNA abundance of TLR3, TLR4, TLR6, and TLR8 in FF-fed pigs was significantly higher (P < 0.05), indicating that the FF diet could influence the gene expression of TLRs.…”

Global Transcriptome and Correlation Analysis Reveal Cultivar-Specific Molecular Signatures Associated with Fruit Development and Fatty Acid Determination in Camellia oleifera Abel

“…Therefore, transcriptome analysis was performed and the molecular regulatory mechanisms were explored. As shown in Supplementary Table 1 , the average data volume of each sample reached 2.3 G, and the proportion of base quality reaching Q30 is 94%, which is better than other researches, indicating that quality of sequencing is normal and satisfied the following analysis [ 15 , 16 ]. DEG analysis showed that the number and variation of upregulated and downregulated genes of the two cultivars at different stages have great changes.…”

Comparative transcriptomic analysis of porcine peripheral blood reveals differentially expressed genes from the cytokine–cytokine receptor interaction pathway related to health status

“…RNA-Seq has been used as an effective method for exploring pathology-associated transcriptional changes in peripheral blood in many species, such as human (Liu et al 2014), cattle (McLoughlin et al 2014, and swine (Koltes et al 2015;Hu et al 2016). It has also enabled detailed analysis of the host transcriptome for Salmonella (Kommadath et al 2014) and Streptococcus suis (Wu et al 2014) infections in pig.…”