Cow Milk Consumption Increases Iodine Status in Women of Childbearing Age in a Randomized Controlled Trial

O’Kane, S Maria; Pourshahidi, L. Kirsty; Mulhern, Maria S.; Strain, JJ; Mackle, E.M.; Koca, Duygu; Schomburg, Lutz; Hill, Sarah; O'Reilly, Jennifer; Kmiotek, Diana; Deitrich, Christian L.; Bath, Sarah C.; Yeates, Alison J.

doi:10.1093/jn/nxx043

Cited by 15 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Consideration should also be given to expanded public health schemes to provide milk and iodine‐containing supplements to women contemplating pregnancy, pregnant and nursing women. One recent randomised controlled study of free milk provision in non‐pregnant women demonstrated a doubling of intake from <140 mL/day and an improvement in mUIC from a deficient range to a sufficient range after three months 70 …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Iodine status in UK–An accidental public health triumph gone sour

Woodside

Mullan

2020

Clinical Endocrinology

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The improvement in iodine status among the UK population from the 1930s onwards has been described as an ‘accidental public health triumph’ despite the lack of any iodine fortification program. However, iodine deficiency in the UK has re‐emerged in vulnerable groups and is likely due to a combination of changing farming practices, dietary preferences and public health priorities. The UK is now among only a minority of European countries with no legislative framework for iodine fortification. The experience of folic acid fortification and the 28‐year delay in its implementation lays bare the political difficulties of introducing any fortification program in the UK. If iodine fortification is not an imminent possibility, then it is important to explore other options: how to change farming practice especially on organic farms; encourage dairy intake; protect and expand our public health programs of milk provision for vulnerable groups and embark on education programs for women of childbearing potential and healthcare professionals. This review explores how the UK may have arrived at this juncture and how the iodine status of the nation may be improved at this time of major political and public health upheaval.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Iodine status in UK–An accidental public health triumph gone sour

Woodside

Mullan

2020

Clinical Endocrinology

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“…Normal serum iodine in control group and pregnant groups may be due to iodine enriched table salt distributed in Iraq during last ten years in an affordable price. O'Kane SM et al found that cow milk consumption increases iodine status in women of childbearing age [10] . We may need further assessment of thyroid gland function and size among Iraqi pregnant women in future studies as iodine is important for the production of thyroid hormones that affect many metabolic processes like maturation of central nervous system.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trace Elements in Pregnant Women from Babil Province, Iraq

Alawad¹,

Al-Awadi²,

Al-Dujaily³

et al. 2019

ATMPH

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Trace elements are essential for the proper growth, development and physiology of the human body. Pregnant women and fetus are at risk for trace elements deficiency, which is known to have negative effects on vital metabolic, immunological and physiological activities. This is a case-control study that investigated number of trace elements in pregnant women from Babil province. These women were divided into 3 groups, each one consisting of 100 women. Women in 1 st , 2 nd , and 3 rd groups were in 1 st , 2 nd , and 3 rd trimester of pregnancy respectively, a 4 th control group were taken which consisted of 100 apparently healthy age-matched and non-pregnant women. This study found that iron deficiency is evident in both pregnant (43.3%) and non-pregnant (24%) women but become more prevalent and severe as pregnancy progress (33%, 41% and 56% in 1 st , 2 nd and 3 rd trimesters respectively). Selenium was deficient in only 2% of control group but became deficient in 19% of 3 rd trimester (P=0.0001). Serum calcium was deficient in 12% of 3 rd trimester group versus 5% in control (P=0.001). No significant deficiencies were found in serum levels of iodine, zinc and copper. We conclude that iron and calcium deficiency are prevalent in pregnancy and both elements need to be replenished, and on the other side, selenium is also deficient and it's replacement need to be assessed in future studies.

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“…In most of the elderly population above 55 years, hyperthyroidism (excess production of thyroid hormone) is most common [45,46]. Adult deficiency could be related to decreased milk consumption [47]. It is probable that adults may show greater chances of developing iodine deficiency when compared to the younger population due to their lower milk consumption [48].…”

Section: Adulthood and The Elderlymentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Micronutrients from Zygote to Senility: Updated Review of Minerals’ Role and Orchestration in Human Nutrition throughout Life Cycle with Sex Differences

et al. 2021

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Micronutrients such as selenium, fluoride, zinc, iron, and manganese are minerals that are crucial for many body homeostatic processes supplied at low levels. The importance of these micronutrients starts early in the human life cycle and continues across its different stages. Several studies have emphasized the critical role of a well-balanced micronutrient intake. However, the majority of studies looked into or examined such issues in relation to a specific element or life stage, with the majority merely reporting the effect of either excess or deficiency. Herein, in this review, we will look in depth at the orchestration of the main element requirements across the human life cycle beginning from fertility and pregnancy, passing through infancy, childhood, adolescence, and reaching adulthood and senility, with insight on the interactions among them and underlying action mechanisms. Emphasis is given towards approaches to the role of the different minerals in the life cycle, associated symptoms for under- or overdoses, and typical management for each element, with future perspectives. The effect of sex is also discussed for each micronutrient for each life stage as literature suffice to highlight the different daily requirements and or effects.

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Cow Milk Consumption Increases Iodine Status in Women of Childbearing Age in a Randomized Controlled Trial

Cited by 15 publications

References 52 publications

Iodine status in UK–An accidental public health triumph gone sour

Iodine status in UK–An accidental public health triumph gone sour

Trace Elements in Pregnant Women from Babil Province, Iraq

Dietary Micronutrients from Zygote to Senility: Updated Review of Minerals’ Role and Orchestration in Human Nutrition throughout Life Cycle with Sex Differences

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