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We present the results of the analysis of word-formation neologisms that entered the Russian language during the coronavirus pandemic. The texts of the media space, which served as the research material, clearly demonstrate the active processes currently taking place in the voca-bulary and word-formation of Russian language. The neologisms selected by the continuous sam-pling method are classified by us into groups depending on the methods of word-formation. The most frequent methods of usual word-formation are the suffix method and the stem and word composition. Along with the usual methods in the word-formation of “pandemic” neologisms, non-usual methods of word formation (contamination, interword overlap, graphohybridization,) are often used. Drawing an analogy with the English-language media discourse, we point out that some of the contaminants entered the Russian language in a ready-made form as a result of bor-rowing from the English language. We also show the phenomena of polysemy and synonymy among “pandemic” neologisms. We conclude that the neologisms of the pandemic era reflect the general trends occurring in the word-formation of the Russian language in the 21st century. The data obtained can be used in the dictionary of the Russian language of the pandemic era, as well as in the courses of lectures on lexicology and word-formation of the Russian language.
We present the results of the analysis of word-formation neologisms that entered the Russian language during the coronavirus pandemic. The texts of the media space, which served as the research material, clearly demonstrate the active processes currently taking place in the voca-bulary and word-formation of Russian language. The neologisms selected by the continuous sam-pling method are classified by us into groups depending on the methods of word-formation. The most frequent methods of usual word-formation are the suffix method and the stem and word composition. Along with the usual methods in the word-formation of “pandemic” neologisms, non-usual methods of word formation (contamination, interword overlap, graphohybridization,) are often used. Drawing an analogy with the English-language media discourse, we point out that some of the contaminants entered the Russian language in a ready-made form as a result of bor-rowing from the English language. We also show the phenomena of polysemy and synonymy among “pandemic” neologisms. We conclude that the neologisms of the pandemic era reflect the general trends occurring in the word-formation of the Russian language in the 21st century. The data obtained can be used in the dictionary of the Russian language of the pandemic era, as well as in the courses of lectures on lexicology and word-formation of the Russian language.
По причине вспышки в 2020 г. неизвестной ранее коронавирусной инфекции и последующего карантина коммуникация людей по большей части переместилась в онлайн-формат. Интернет стал для пользователей доступным пространством, позволяющим обсуждать актуальные вопросы, выражать свое отношение к окружающей их действительности. С переходом лингвистической науки в антропоцентрическую парадигму стал возрастать интерес ученых-лингвистов к эмоционально-коммуникативному поведению говорящего, а изменение языка под влиянием глобальных перемен в мире и способы выражения эмоций в интернет-коммуникации стали интересовать филологов, лингвистов, специалистов из области психологии и социологии. Исследования репрезентации эмоций проводятся с целью осуществления необходимых наблюдений за эмоциональным состоянием людей, мониторинга общественного мнения относительно такого важного явления, как вакцинация, которая по настоящее время вызывает огромное количество дебатов. Целью настоящей статьи является описание особенностей лингвокоммуникативной экспликации негативных эмоций, связанных с вакцинацией от COVID-19, на испанском и английском языках. В фокусе исследования находятся вербальные и невербальные средства выражения эмотивности в интернет-комментариях, посвященных теме вакцинации. Выборка практического материала общим объемом 100 интернет-комментариев (50 англоязычных и 50 испаноязычных) ограничена временным периодом с февраля по август 2021 г., когда вопрос о вакцинации активно освещался всевозможными СМИ, в том числе и в Интернете, вызывая оживленные обсуждения. В результате проведенного машинного сентимент-анализа была выявлена преимущественно негативная окраска текстов интернет-комментариев по изучаемой тематике. Стилистический анализ и интерпретативный дискурс-анализ позволили установить языковые и неязыковые средства выражения негативных эмоций англоязычных и испаноязычных интернет-комментаторов. Обнаруженные средства лингвокоммуникативной экспликации эмоций были описаны на уровне лексики, стилистики, грамматики, а также на уровне графики и изображения. Среди стилистических средств была выявлена визуальная метафора, выраженная эмотиконами и отдельными изображениями, репрезентирующими негативные эмоции авторов интернет-комментариев. Due to the outbreak of a previously unknown coronavirus infection in 2020, people’s communication has largely shifted to an online format. The Internet has become an available space for users to discuss topical issues and express their attitude to the reality around them. Changes in language under the influence of changes in the world and ways of expressing emotions in Internet communication have become of interest to philologists, linguists, specialists in psychology and sociology. The specialists conduct studies in order to make necessary observations on the emotional state of people, to monitor public opinion on such an important phenomenon as vaccination, which is still causing a huge amount of debate. The purpose of this article is to describe the linguistic and communicative explication of negative emotions related to COVID-19 vaccination in Spanish and English. The focus of the study is on verbal and non-verbal means of expressing emotions in Internet comments on the topic of vaccination. The selection of the material with a total of 100 Internet comments (50 comments in English and 50 comments in Spanish) was limited to the period from February to August 2021, when the issue of vaccination was actively covered by all kinds of media outlets, including the Internet, causing lively discussions. The machine sentiment analysis revealed predominantly negative colouring of the texts of Internet comments on the topic under study. Stylistic analysis and interpretative discourse analysis allowed us to identify linguistic and non-linguistic means of expressing negative emotions of English- and Spanish-speaking Internet commentators. The identified means of linguistic and communicative explication of emotions were analysed on the lexical, stylistic, grammatical levels as well as on the level of graphics and images. Among the stylistic means visual metaphor expressed by emoticons and images was identified.
Verbal means of reflecting the situation of the coronavirus pandemic through the prism of German humor are considered. The relevance of the study is due to the interest of modern language science in the study of discourses as a kind of markers of linguistic consciousness and speech behavior. The novelty of the study lies in the fact that German humorous texts about the pandemic have not yet become the subject of a special scientific study. The purpose of the study is to describe and interpret the motives, reactions, assessments that represent the main areas of life that have changed during the pandemic. It is shown that the pandemic appears in jokes as a discursive space that predetermines and models a jokingly ironic assessment of the current situation: forced self-isolation served as a pretext for an ironic rethinking of marital, parent-child relationships, a public negative assessment of distance education is given, the state of some members of the society is comprehended as a mental illness. The representation of reality is constructed not without the influence of ethno-cultural factors and stereotypes: the German is comprehended and evaluated within the framework of the “own — different — alien” modus. The study can be continued as part of an interlingual description of humor during the coronavirus pandemic in order to study the linguocognitive, linguocultural aspects of language activity.
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