COVID-19 Vaccine: Critical Questions with Complicated Answers

Haidere, Mohammad Faisal; Ratan, Zubair Ahmed; Nowroz, Senjuti; Zaman, Sojib Bin; Jung, You Jung; Hosseinzadeh, Hassan; Cho, Jae Youl

doi:10.4062/biomolther.2020.178

Cited by 47 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…The lack of effective and approved treatment of COVID-19 has triggered a vaccine development race, with 259 COVID-19 vaccine projects underway from November 11, 2020. The rapid creation of vaccinations increased the risk of vaccine safety problems ( Haidere et al, 2021 , Petousis-Harris, 2021 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Side effects and perceptions following Sinopharm COVID-19 vaccination

Saeed

Al-Shahrabi

Alhaj

et al. 2021

International Journal of Infectious Diseases

164

109

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Objectives : Vaccines are one of the best interventions developed for eradicating COVID-19,. The aim of this study to provide evidence on Sinopharm COVID-19 vaccine side effects. Methods : A cross-sectional survey study was conducted between January and April 2021 to collect data on the effects of COVID-19 vaccine among individuals in the UAE. Demographic data. vaccination, and the response of people not willing to take COVID-19 vaccine were reported. Results : The most common side effects of post 1 st dose (≤49 years old vs >49 years) were normal injection site pain, fatigue, and headache, while pain at the vaccination site, fatigue, lethargy, headache, and tenderness were the most side effects of the post 2 nd dose in both groups. All the side effects in both doses were more prevalent among the participants ≤ 49-year-old group. Among female's vs males, side effects were more common in females compared with males in both doses. . The most common reason of not willing to take the COVID-19 vaccine were the vaccines are not effective. Conclusion : The 1st and 2nd dose post-vaccination side effects were mild, predictable, and there were no hospitalization cases, this data will help to reduce the vaccine hesitancy.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Side effects and perceptions following Sinopharm COVID-19 vaccination

Saeed

Al-Shahrabi

Alhaj

et al. 2021

International Journal of Infectious Diseases

164

109

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…ADE was also seen with the development of the SARS vaccine. ADE has already been described in COVID‐19 infection per se 18 . ADE is the likely explanation for the unusual severity and variety of seemingly bizarre associated non‐pulmonary findings and sequela of COVID‐19, including autoimmunity.…”

Section: Covid‐19 Vaccinementioning

confidence: 77%

“…The virus has many mechanisms of immune evasion 10,12 . Critically, there is asynchrony 13 and dysfunction 8,14 of the patient's immune system, leading to hypercytokinemia, 15 enormous amounts of IL‐6 8,16,17 with contributions by IL‐17 from Th17 T cells 16,18 and TNF alpha, 17 as well as effects on PD‐L1 and CTLA‐4. Endoplasmic reticulum stress, T‐cell exhaustion, 16 macrophage activation syndrome, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), thrombotic complications due to complement triggered microangiopathy, and disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) with elevations of D‐dimer 19 can occur.…”

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confidence: 99%

COVID‐19 vaccines and nanomedicine

Shapiro¹

2021

Int J Dermatology

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Background The COVID‐19 virus‐induced pandemic has been the deadliest pandemic to have occurred in two generations, besides HIV/AIDS. Epidemiologists predicted that the SARS‐Cov 2 pandemic would not be able to be brought under control until a majority of the world’s population had been inoculated with safe and effective vaccines. A world‐wide effort to expedite vaccine development was successful. Previous research for vaccines to prevent SARS and MERS, also coronaviruses, was vital to this success. Nanotechnology was essential to this vaccine development. Key elements are presented here to better understand the relationship between nanomedicine and the COVID‐19 vaccine development. Methods NLM PubMed searches for COVID‐19 vaccines, nanotechnology and nanomedicine were done. There were 6911 articles screened, 235 of which were deemed appropriate to this subject and utilized here, together with two landmark nanomedicine texts used to expand understanding of the basic science of nanotechnology. Results SARS‐Cov 2, caused by the COVID‐19 virus, was first recognized in China in December of 2019 and was declared as a pandemic in March of 2020. The RNA sequence was identified in January of 2020. Within 4 months of the viral genome being released, over 259 vaccines had been in development. The World Health Organization (WHO) anticipated a vaccine with a 50‐80% efficacy to be developed within 1‐2 years. Ahead of schedule, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) announced the emergency authorization approval for two mRNA vaccines within 11 month’s time. Nanotechnology was the key to the success of these rapidly developed, safe and effective vaccines. A brief review of pertinent basic science principles of nanomedicine are presented. The development of COVID vaccines is reviewed. Future considerations are discussed. Conclusions Control of the COVID‐19 SARS‐Cov2 pandemic benefitted from nanomedicine principles used to develop highly effective, yet very safe and relatively inexpensive vaccines. These nanovaccines can be much more easily altered to adjust for viral variants than traditional live or inactivated legacy‐type whole virus vaccines.

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“…This has triggered an extensive collaboration and a colossal mission between pharma companies and scientists to expedite vaccine development and production in less than a year instead of the normal 10-year period time. By the end of 2020, 259 COVID-19 vaccine projects were in the pipeline [ 71 ]. Frontrunning coronavirus vaccines, sharing the same purpose of stimulating the immune system against SARS-CoV-2, can be broadly categorized into three platforms: the classical inactivated virus vectored vaccines based on disrupting the viral genome through chemical or physical alterations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gamma irradiation-mediated inactivation of enveloped viruses with conservation of genome integrity: Potential application for SARS-CoV-2 inactivated vaccine development

Abolaban

Djouider

2021

Open Life Sciences

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Radiation inactivation of enveloped viruses occurs as the result of damages at the molecular level of their genome. The rapidly emerging and ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia pandemic prompted by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is now a global health crisis and an economic devastation. The readiness of an active and safe vaccine against the COVID-19 has become a race against time in this unqualified global panic caused by this pandemic. In this review, which we hope will be helpful in the current situation of COVID-19, we analyze the potential use of γ-irradiation to inactivate this virus by damaging at the molecular level its genetic material. This inactivation is a vital step towards the design and development of an urgently needed, effective vaccine against this disease.

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COVID-19 Vaccine: Critical Questions with Complicated Answers

Cited by 47 publications

References 60 publications

Side effects and perceptions following Sinopharm COVID-19 vaccination

Side effects and perceptions following Sinopharm COVID-19 vaccination

COVID‐19 vaccines and nanomedicine

Gamma irradiation-mediated inactivation of enveloped viruses with conservation of genome integrity: Potential application for SARS-CoV-2 inactivated vaccine development

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