COVID-19 transmission: a rapid systematic review of current knowledge

Mourmouris, Panagiotis; Tzelves, Lazaros; Roidi, Christiana; Fotsali, Anastasia

doi:10.24171/j.phrp.2021.12.2.02

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 89 publications

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“…World Health Organization (WHO) pada tahun 2020 menyatakan COVID-19 sebagai darurat kesehatan masyarakat Internasional (Jee, 2020). COVID-19 merupakan salah satu pandemi yang persebarannya sangat cepat dan menyebabkan angka kematian dan kesakitan global yang tinggi termasuk di Indonesia (Megasari & Putri, 2022;Mourmouris et al, 2021). Pandemi COVID-19 yang telah terjadi dan menyebar mulai Bulan Maret 2020 di Indonesia dan menimbulkan dampak yang sangat signifikan bagi semua aspek bidang aktifitas masyarakat yaitu mulai dari bidang ekonomi, kesehatan, sosial dan budaya (Rahayu et al, 2021).…”

Section: Pendahuluanunclassified

Webinar Edukasi dalam Rangka Percepatan Cakupan Vaksinasi COVID-19 di Kota Ambon

Syarbin¹,

Titaley²,

Fairus³

et al. 2022

PJPM

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The rates of cases and deaths from COVID-19 started to decline following the increased coverage of vaccination. In Indonesia, the coverage of COVID-19 vaccination has not met the national target, including in Ambon City. By conducting a webinar, this activity aimed at improving the knowledge of the development and the importance of the COVID-19 vaccination program amongst the academic community of Pattimura University and health workers at Dr. M Haulussy Hospital, the main COVID-19 referral hospital in Ambon City.This webinar was conducted by the Faculty of Medicine of Pattimura University (FK UNPATTI) on 10 December 2021 as part of the efforts to accelerate the COVID-19 vaccination coverage in Ambon. There were 275 participants (including students, lecturers and health workers from Dr. M. Haulussy Hospital, the main referral hospital in Ambon City) filled out the evaluation questionnaires (pre- and post-test). Resource persons were from the Health Office of Ambon City, FK UNPATTI’s research team members for COVID-19 acceptance, and leaders of FK UNPATTI. We found an increased percentage of correct answers in the results of the post-test evaluation. At the pre-test, the average percentage of correct answers was 87.4%, and in the post-test the percentage increased to 92.8%. In the pre-test, 89% of participants were categorized as having a high level of knowledge, while in the post-test evaluation, the percentage increased to 93.4%. This webinar could improve participants’ knowledge and therefore could be conducted in the future as part of FK UNPATTI contributions in preventing COVID-19 transmission in Ambon City. ABSTRAK Jumlah kasus dan kematian akibat COVID-19 terus mengalami penurunan seiring meningkatnya cakupan vaksinasi. Di Indonesia, cakupan vaksinasi COVID-19 sayangnya masih belum memenuhi target nasional, termasuk di wilayah Kota Ambon. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan civitas akademika Universitas Pattimura serta tenaga Kesehatan di RSUD Dr. M Haulussy sebagai RS rujukan utama COVID-19 di Kota Ambon tentang perkembangan dan pentingnya program vaksinasi COVID-19. Kegiatan dilakukan oleh Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Pattimura (FK UNPATTI) pada 10 Desember 2021 dalam bentuk webinar edukasi. Sebanyak 275 peserta (termasuk mahasiswa, staf pengajar, serta tenaga kesehatan RSUD Dr. M. Haulussy) mengisi secara lengkap kuesioner evaluasi (pre- dan post-test). Narasumbe dalam webinar ini berasal dari Dinas Kesehatan Kota Ambon, tim peneliti studi penerimaan vaksinasi COVID-19 dari FK UNPATTI, serta pimpinan FK UNPATTI. Pengisian kuesioner pre dan post-test menunjukkan peningkatan persentase jawaban benar peseta webinar pada evaluasi post-test. Pada pre-test, rerata persentase jawaban benar peserta adalah 87,4% sedangkan pada post-test meningkat menjadi 92,8%. Pada evaluasi pre-test, 89% peserta dikategorikan memiliki pengetahuan tinggi, sedangkan pada post-test, persentase ini meningkat menjadi 93,4%. Kegiatan webinar ini diharpakan dapat dilakukan untuk mendukung peningkatan pengetahuan peserta dan sekaligus sebagai kontribusi FK UNPATTI dalam pengendalian transmisi COVID-19 di Kota Ambon.

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Section: Pendahuluanunclassified

Webinar Edukasi dalam Rangka Percepatan Cakupan Vaksinasi COVID-19 di Kota Ambon

Syarbin¹,

Titaley²,

Fairus³

et al. 2022

PJPM

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“… 1 , 2 The rapid transmission of this highly pathogenic virus has necessitated the urgent need for global development and immediate application of therapeutic approaches and preventive measures against COVID‐19 disease. 3 Prevaccination, supportive care and oxygen therapy remain key management elements of COVID‐19 though there is no effective treatment for acute COVID‐19 disease. 4 , 5 , 6 The emergence of SARS‐CoV‐2 variants have increased the transmissibility and severity of infection and may also reduce the level of immunity of current vaccines.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…COVID‐19 disease emerged in Wuhan city, China in late 2019 and resulted in a global pandemic leading to more than 5.4 million deaths worldwide 1,2 . The rapid transmission of this highly pathogenic virus has necessitated the urgent need for global development and immediate application of therapeutic approaches and preventive measures against COVID‐19 disease 3 . Prevaccination, supportive care and oxygen therapy remain key management elements of COVID‐19 though there is no effective treatment for acute COVID‐19 disease 4–6 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation the efficacy and safety of N‐acetylcysteine inhalation spray in controlling the symptoms of patients with COVID‐19: An open‐label randomized controlled clinical trial

Panahi

Ghanei

Rahimi

et al. 2022

Journal of Medical Virology

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The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect and safety of N‐acetylcysteine (NAC) inhalation spray in the treatment of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19). This randomized controlled clinical trial study was conducted on patients with COVID‐19. Eligible patients (n = 250) were randomly allocated into the intervention group (routine treatment + NAC inhaler spray one puff per 12 h, for 7 days) or the control group who received routine treatment alone. Clinical features, hemodynamic, hematological, biochemical parameters and patient outcomes were assessed and compared before and after treatment. The mortality rate was significantly higher in the control group than in the intervention group (39.2% vs. 3.2%, p < 0.001). Significant differences were found between the two groups (intervention and control, respectively) for white blood cell count (6.2 vs. 7.8, p < 0.001), hemoglobin (12.3 vs. 13.3, p = 0.002), C‐reactive protein (CRP: 6 vs. 11.5, p < 0.0001) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST: 32 vs. 25.5, p < 0.0001). No differences were seen for hospital length of stay (11.98 ± 3.61 vs. 11.81 ± 3.52, p = 0.814) or the requirement for intensive care unit (ICU) admission (7.2% vs. 11.2%, p = 0.274). NAC was beneficial in reducing the mortality rate in patients with COVID‐19 and inflammatory parameters, and a reduction in the development of severe respiratory failure; however, it did not affect the length of hospital stay or the need for ICU admission. Data on the effectiveness of NAC for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus‐2 is limited and further research is required.

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“…Transmission of the virus is still a subject of debate. For further information, we recommend that the readers refer to [ 20 – 23 ]. Among the considerable number of inflammatory mediators produced or secreted in the inflammatory response, interleukin-6 (IL-6) has been shown to play a significant role [ 24 ], which is likely due to its high levels of expression rather than to the singularity of its action, as all mediators produced are somewhat redundant in their actions [ 25 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Should We Interfere with the Interleukin-6 Receptor During COVID-19: What Do We Know So Far?

Plocque

Mitri

Lefèvre

et al. 2022

Drugs

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Severe manifestations of COVID-19 consist of acute respiratory distress syndrome due to an initially local reaction leading to a systemic inflammatory response that results in hypoxia. Many therapeutic approaches have been attempted to reduce the clinical consequences of an excessive immune response to viral infection. To date, systemic corticosteroid therapy is still the most effective intervention. More recently, new hope has emerged with the use of interleukin (IL)-6 receptor inhibitors (tocilizumab and sarilumab). However, the great heterogeneity of the methodology and results of published studies obfuscate the true value of this treatment, leading to a confusing synthesis in recent meta-analyses, and the persistence of doubts in terms of patient groups and the appropriate time to treat. Moreover, their effects on the anti-infectious or pro-healing response are still poorly studied. This review aims to clarify the potential role of IL-6 receptor inhibitors in the treatment of severe forms of COVID-19.

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COVID-19 transmission: a rapid systematic review of current knowledge

Cited by 11 publications

References 89 publications

Webinar Edukasi dalam Rangka Percepatan Cakupan Vaksinasi COVID-19 di Kota Ambon

Webinar Edukasi dalam Rangka Percepatan Cakupan Vaksinasi COVID-19 di Kota Ambon

Evaluation the efficacy and safety of N‐acetylcysteine inhalation spray in controlling the symptoms of patients with COVID‐19: An open‐label randomized controlled clinical trial

Should We Interfere with the Interleukin-6 Receptor During COVID-19: What Do We Know So Far?

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