Covalently Bonded Polyaniline and para-phenylenediamine Functionalized Graphene Oxide: How the Conductive Two-dimensional Nanostructure Influences the Electrochromic Behaviors of Polyaniline

Xiong, Shanxin; Li, Zhufeng; Gong, Mali; Wang, Xiaoqin; Fu, Jialun; Shi, Yujing; Wu, Bohua

doi:10.1016/j.electacta.2014.06.108

Cited by 42 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Besides ORR, covalently modified Gs can also be used for other electrochemical applications. In one of these examples p ‐phenylenediamine was covalently attached to GO and further used in combination with aniline as co‐monomers for the formation of polyanilines . Polyanilines‐GO can be charged positively and their composite with poly(styrenesulfonate) as counteranion stabilizing positive charges was found a convenient water dispersible electrochromic material .…”

Section: Electrochemical Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In one of these examples p ‐phenylenediamine was covalently attached to GO and further used in combination with aniline as co‐monomers for the formation of polyanilines . Polyanilines‐GO can be charged positively and their composite with poly(styrenesulfonate) as counteranion stabilizing positive charges was found a convenient water dispersible electrochromic material . Characterization of the polyanilines suggests the presence of two different polyanilines and in one of them true co‐polymerization resulting in rGO attached to the polymer was proposed.…”

Section: Electrochemical Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Covalently Modified Graphenes in Catalysis, Electrocatalysis and Photoresponsive Materials

Navalón

Herance

Álvaro

et al. 2017

Chemistry A European J

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The ideal graphene is a one-atom thick single layer of carbon atoms having sp hybridation in hexagonal arrangement. Due to their large surface area and good dispersability in common solvents, graphenes are suitable platforms to anchor covalently units. The appended unit can introduce additional functionality to graphene. Although the field of covalently modified graphene is still starting compared to the development of other carbon nanoforms, there is already many examples describing the use of modified graphenes as recoverable photo-, electrocatalysts as well as in non-linear optics and to improve mechanical resistance and solubility of graphenes. In this Review, the state of the art of covalently modified graphenes for these applications is reviewed. After some general sections describing properties and characterization techniques of graphenes relevant to their use as supports and those general reactions and starting substrates to obtain the modified graphene conjugates, the main body of the review describes the preparation and properties of covalently modified graphene depending on their use as catalyst, photocatalyst, photoresponsive material, non-linear optics, electrocatalyst and other uses. The last section of the review summarizes the main achievements of the field and what should be according to our view the future developments.

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Section: Electrochemical Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Electrochemical Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Covalently Modified Graphenes in Catalysis, Electrocatalysis and Photoresponsive Materials

Navalón

Herance

Álvaro

et al. 2017

Chemistry A European J

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“…Graphene is one of the most extensively studied two‐dimensional nanomaterials because of its unique optical, electrical and electrochemical properties, as well as their widely technological applications . However, in most cases, graphene is used in the form of graphene oxide (GO), owing to its good dispersibility in aqueous medium and high electrochemical activity. Sometimes, reduction process of GO is still necessary to maintain the good conductivity and high mechanical strength.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Covalent Bonding of PANI and p‐Phenylenediamine‐Functionalized GO Using N,N′‐Dicyclohexylcarbodiimide as Dehydrating Agent for Electrochromic Applications

et al. 2019

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In this paper, a high‐performance organic/inorganic electrochromic material was synthesized by covalent bonding of polyaniline (PANI) and graphene oxide (GO). In the presence of N,N′‐dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC) as dehydrating agent, GO was functionalized by p‐phenylenediamine (PPD) through an amidation reaction. Water‐processable PANI‐GO nanocomposites were prepared by copolymerization of aniline with PPD functionalized GO in the presence of poly(styrene sulfonate) (PSS) dopant in an aqueous medium. The structures and morphologies of PANI‐GO nanocomposites were characterized by Fourier‐transform infrared (FTIR) spectra, Raman spectra, transmission electron microscope (TEM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results show that covalent bonding PANI‐GO nanocomposites possess better electrochemical and electrochromic properties over that of neat PANI. With 3 wt.% GO‐PPD loading, PANI‐GO‐3% exhibits the optimal electrochemical and electrochromic properties, among which the charge‐transfer resistance (RCT) is 29.4 Ω, the optical contrast is 0.72 and coloring/bleaching time is 4.45/4.28 s. Overdose GO‐PPD leads to negative influence on the contrast and switching speed, owing to the ion blocking effect brought by its two‐dimensional nanostructure.

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“…Consequently, ECMs have attracted extensive research attention from researchers since Platt [14] reported the electrochromic phenomenon in dyes. ECMs include inorganic materials, such as metal oxides [15][16][17][18], and organic materials, such as phenothiazine [19][20][21][22][23][24], anthraquinone [25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32], viologen [33][34][35][36], thiophene [37][38][39][40], polythiophene [41][42][43][44][45][46][47], polyaniline [48][49][50], polypyrrole [51][52][53][54], and polyimide [55]. Compared with inorganic ECMs, organic ECMs exhibit the unique advantages of high optical contrast, fast switching speed, flexible device fabrication, and a multitude of achievable colors via chemical structure variation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and characterisation of azobenzene-bridged cationic–cationic and neutral–cationic electrochromic materials

Gong

Long

et al. 2016

Synthetic Metals

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Covalently Bonded Polyaniline and para-phenylenediamine Functionalized Graphene Oxide: How the Conductive Two-dimensional Nanostructure Influences the Electrochromic Behaviors of Polyaniline

Cited by 42 publications

References 28 publications

Covalently Modified Graphenes in Catalysis, Electrocatalysis and Photoresponsive Materials

Covalently Modified Graphenes in Catalysis, Electrocatalysis and Photoresponsive Materials

Covalent Bonding of PANI and p‐Phenylenediamine‐Functionalized GO Using N,N′‐Dicyclohexylcarbodiimide as Dehydrating Agent for Electrochromic Applications

Synthesis and characterisation of azobenzene-bridged cationic–cationic and neutral–cationic electrochromic materials

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