Course of explosion behaviour of metallic powders – From micron to nanosize

Vignes, Alexis; Krietsch, Arne; Dufaud, Olivier; Santandréa, Audrey; Praly, Laurent; Bouillard, Jacques

doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.120767

Cited by 26 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…Inorganic nanoparticles consisting of metal oxides, metal hydroxides/hydrates, and metal carbides/nitrides have been demonstrated as flame retardants [210][211][212][213][214][215]. For example, when used as a flame retardant for polymers, metal hydroxides (e.g., aluminum hydroxide (ATH) and magnesium hydroxide (MDH)) can decompose inwardly and release water at a temperature, that is higher than the polymer treatment temperature and closer to the polymer decomposition temperature.…”

Section: Inorganic Nanoparticlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fire-Safe Polymer Composites: Flame-Retardant Effect of Nanofillers

Kim¹,

Lee

Yoon

2021

Polymers

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Currently, polymers are competing with metals and ceramics to realize various material characteristics, including mechanical and electrical properties. However, most polymers consist of organic matter, making them vulnerable to flames and high-temperature conditions. In addition, the combustion of polymers consisting of different types of organic matter results in various gaseous hazards. Therefore, to minimize the fire damage, there has been a significant demand for developing polymers that are fire resistant or flame retardant. From this viewpoint, it is crucial to design and synthesize thermally stable polymers that are less likely to decompose into combustible gaseous species under high-temperature conditions. Flame retardants can also be introduced to further reinforce the fire performance of polymers. In this review, the combustion process of organic matter, types of flame retardants, and common flammability testing methods are reviewed. Furthermore, the latest research trends in the use of versatile nanofillers to enhance the fire performance of polymeric materials are discussed with an emphasis on their underlying action, advantages, and disadvantages.

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Section: Inorganic Nanoparticlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fire-Safe Polymer Composites: Flame-Retardant Effect of Nanofillers

Kim¹,

Lee

Yoon

2021

Polymers

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“…Aluminum nanoparticles (ANPs) serve as high-energy fuels or fuel additives, finding wide and significant applications in propellants and energetic explosives. − It plays a crucial role in enhancing the burning performance of propellants. , Simultaneously, the aluminum products industry generates a substantial amount of aluminum powder during the cutting and polishing processes. Handling certain mixtures involving aluminum powder can pose significant safety hazards, leading to frequent incidents of metal dust explosions. − Consequently, understanding the oxidation mechanism of ANPs is of vital practical importance. It can contribute to improving the energy release rate of ANPs and ensuring their safe disposal.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Study on the Alumina Shell Protrusions of Aluminum Nanoparticles during the Aerobic Heating Environment

Zhou,

Liu,

Chai

et al. 2024

J. Phys. Chem. C

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The alumina shell plays a crucial role in the energy release of aluminum powder. The experimental results indicate the presence of protrusions on the alumina shells during the process of aerobic heating. To investigate the causes of protrusion formation during the aerobic heating process, in situ transmission electron microscopy was employed to observe the process of protrusion formation. The experiment revealed that within the temperature range of 70–850 °C, the alumina shell undergoes a gradual transition from smooth to rough, accompanied by the emergence of protrusions at 850 °C. This is because, for 35–500 nm aluminum particles (ANPs), larger particle sizes generate greater internal and tensile stresses, thereby increasing the potential for crack formation on the alumina shell. As molten aluminum flows out of the cracks, the potential for protrusion formation increases and the molten aluminum rapidly oxidizes during the fast oxidation process. Moreover, the larger diameter of ANPs results in a higher quantity of active aluminum, leading to greater heights of the protrusions. These results reveal the reasons for the formation of protrusions in the dynamic oxidation process of ANPs and its relationship with the particle size, which complements the current research on the morphology changes in the oxidation process of ANPs, and has important significance for further exploration of the oxidation mechanism of ANPs.

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“…In each individual case, the equipment needs to be retooled, to change working nodes and their operating modes. In addition, in the large-scale production of powders (for example, the production of iron powder), operational management of the efficiency of the melt sputtering process, including stabilization of the conditions of formation into individual granules, long-term maintenance of operational properties, elimination of the problem of oxidation, gas saturation and reduction of pyroporosity, has remained an unsolved task until now [7][8][9]. As a result, the powders obtained by this method are inevitably subjected to additional sorting-mechanical crushing in an inert gas environment, as well as to further thermal, hydrogen-reducing treatment [10,11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel method of hydro-vacuum dispersion of metallurgical melts: research and implementation

Sakhvadze,

Jandieri,

Saralidze

et al. 2024

Sediment Transport Research - Further Recent Advances

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In parallel with the gradual expansion of the consumption of powder materials and the increasing demands placed on them, the competition between the producers of powders is continually intensifying. There is no doubt that the future belongs to technologies that provide high productivity and low-cost powders. Consequently, the technology and techniques of powder production need constant revision and modernization. For this goal we have developed and proposed a new method and installation for hydro-vacuum dispersion of melts, the essence of innovation and advantage of which lies in sucking and dispersing the melt in the direction opposite to the action of the force of gravity, under gravity overload 150-200g conditions, where the main work is performed by hydraulic rarefaction resulting from a sharp refraction of direction (on 162-degree angle) and rapid expansion (х10) of a high-pressure water annular flow, with the superimposition of spatial shock- pulsating waves generated in the outer shell of the formed cone-shaped vortex. The device is characterized by high production and low energy costs, while powders - by increased specific surface, improved purity and high activity. The enhanced activity of our powders is due to the formation of non-equilibrium mechanoactivation structural-deformation stresses in them, which leads to the accumulation of excess chemical energy in them. It is justified that the application of the method is also highly effective for dispersing slag melts and obtaining amorphous hardened powdery raw materials with high hydraulic activity, suitable for the production of construction cement. Appropriate recommendations for the industrial implementation of the developed innovative technology have been proposed.

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Course of explosion behaviour of metallic powders – From micron to nanosize

Cited by 26 publications

References 59 publications

Fire-Safe Polymer Composites: Flame-Retardant Effect of Nanofillers

Fire-Safe Polymer Composites: Flame-Retardant Effect of Nanofillers

Experimental Study on the Alumina Shell Protrusions of Aluminum Nanoparticles during the Aerobic Heating Environment

A novel method of hydro-vacuum dispersion of metallurgical melts: research and implementation

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