Course and outcome in panic disorder: A review of recent follow‐up studies

Roy‐Byrne, Peter; Cowley, Deborah S.

doi:10.1002/anxi.3070010402

Cited by 80 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 40 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Although depression co-occurred with PD less frequently at baseline than is usually reported in studies of PD in psychiatric settings, the prevalence of co-morbid depression after nine years was similar to that reported in a review of follow-up studies of PD (55). Three possible explanations to the panic-depression co-morbidity have been suggested: depression as a causal risk factor for panic, panic as a causal risk factor for depression or panic and depression both as consequences of another disorder (115).…”

Section: Outcome Of Panic Disorder At Follow-upsupporting

confidence: 81%

A 1-year follow-up study of chest-pain patients with and without panic disorder

Dammen

Bringager

Arnesen

et al. 2006

General Hospital Psychiatry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: Outcome Of Panic Disorder At Follow-upsupporting

confidence: 81%

A 1-year follow-up study of chest-pain patients with and without panic disorder

Dammen

Bringager

Arnesen

et al. 2006

General Hospital Psychiatry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Roy- Byrne and Cowley [1994] have reviewed follow-up studies in PD and have meticulously described some of the methodological problems involved. These problems also apply to the prediction of nonresponse and all deal with differences between studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The prediction of nonresponse to pharmacotherapy in panic disorder: A review

Slaap¹,

Boer²

2001

Depress. Anxiety

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Several effective pharmacotherapeutic treatments exist for panic disorder; however, not all patients respond to treatment: between 20% to 40% are non-responders. Recent studies have reported several predictors of nonresponse to pharmacotherapy. In this review two questions are addressed: is there consensus with respect to predictors of nonresponse and are there any differences between short-term and long-term predictors? In this review both short-term and long-term outcome studies are discussed. Studies were included if at least DSM-III criteria were used and baseline variables were investigated as possible predictor of response, or nonresponse, to pharmacotherapy. Of each clinical predictor, tallies were made of the particular predictors employed and of those predictors that predicted nonresponse. It appears that a long duration of illness and severe agoraphobic avoidance are robust predictors of nonresponse, particularly in long-term studies. Personality disorders, or even personality traits, are possibly the most robust predictors of nonresponse. Several factors appear to be robust predictors of nonresponse: factors that are present before treatment and exert their influence on short-term and long-term treatment outcome. Prospective studies are needed to further investigate these factors and to test whether it is viable to intervene in an attempt to increase treatment response.

show abstract

“…Information regarding the course of panic disorder is available from retrospective studies, but the results are inconsistent (7)(8)(9). Studies from the 1950s and 1960s found that 40%-60% of patients with panic disorder were either unchanged or slightly improved (10).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Psychiatric Comorbidity on Recovery and Recurrence in Generalized Anxiety Disorder, Social Phobia, and Panic Disorder: A 12-Year Prospective Study

Bruce

Yonkers²,

Otto³

et al. 2005

AJP

798

564

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective-The authors sought to observe the long-term clinical course of anxiety disorders over 12 years and to examine the influence of comorbid psychiatric disorders on recovery from or recurrence of panic disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, and social phobia.Method-Data were drawn from the Harvard/Brown Anxiety Disorders Research Program, a prospective, naturalistic, longitudinal, multicenter study of adults with a current or past history of anxiety disorders. Probabilities of recovery and recurrence were calculated by using standard survival analysis methods. Proportional hazards regression analyses with time-varying covariates were conducted to determine risk ratios for possible comorbid psychiatric predictors of recovery and recurrence.Results-Survival analyses revealed an overall chronic course for the majority of the anxiety disorders. Social phobia had the smallest probability of recovery after 12 years of follow-up. Moreover, patients who had prospectively observed recovery from their intake anxiety disorder had a high probability of recurrence over the follow-up period. The overall clinical course was worsened by several comorbid psychiatric conditions, including major depression and alcohol and other substance use disorders, and by comorbidity of generalized anxiety disorder and panic disorder with agoraphobia.Conclusions-These data depict the anxiety disorders as insidious, with a chronic clinical course, low rates of recovery, and relatively high probabilities of recurrence. The presence of particular comorbid psychiatric disorders significantly lowered the likelihood of recovery from anxiety disorders and increased the likelihood of their recurrence. The findings add to the understanding of the nosology and treatment of these disorders.Anxiety disorders are more common than any other major group of diagnoses, with the exception of substance use disorders. According to the National Comorbidity Survey, the overall lifetime prevalence of anxiety disorders is 24.9%, including rates of 3.5%, 13.3%, 5.1%, for panic disorder with or without agoraphobia, social phobia, and generalized anxiety disorder, respectively (1). The effects of these disorders on both physical health and occupational functioning have been well documented (2-6). In the WHO Collaborative Study on Psychological Problems in General Health Care, more than one-half of the patients with panic disorder without or with agoraphobia reported moderate to severe occupational Address correspondence and reprint requests to Dr. Bruce, Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Brown University, Box G-BH, Providence, RI 02906; Steven_Bruce_PhD@Brown.edu (e-mail). NIH Public Access NIH-PA Author ManuscriptNIH-PA Author Manuscript NIH-PA Author Manuscript dysfunction and physical disability (3). The severity of disability reported was similar to that reported for depressive episodes and higher than that for alcohol dependence.Despite the high prevalence of anxiety disorders and the morbidity associated with these disorders, much is yet...

show abstract

Course and outcome in panic disorder: A review of recent follow‐up studies

Cited by 80 publications

References 40 publications

A 1-year follow-up study of chest-pain patients with and without panic disorder

A 1-year follow-up study of chest-pain patients with and without panic disorder

The prediction of nonresponse to pharmacotherapy in panic disorder: A review

Influence of Psychiatric Comorbidity on Recovery and Recurrence in Generalized Anxiety Disorder, Social Phobia, and Panic Disorder: A 12-Year Prospective Study

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About