Country‐level correlates of the Dark Triad traits in 49 countries

Jonason, Peter K.; Żemojtel‐Piotrowska, Magdalena; Piotrowski, Jarosław; Sedikides, Constantine; Campbell, W. Keith; Gebauer, Jochen E.; Maltby, John; Adamovic, Mladen; Adams, Byron G.; Kadiyono, Anissa Lestari; Atitsogbe, Kokou A.; Bundhoo, Harshalini Y.; Bălţătescu, Sergiu; Bilic, Snezana; Brulin, Joel Gruneau; Chobthamkit, Phatthanakit; Dominguez, Alejandra Del Carmen; Dragova-Koleva, Sonya; El-Astal, Sofián; Esteves, Carla Sofia; Eldesoki, Walaa Labib M.; Gouveia, Valdiney Velôso; Gundolf, Katherine; Iliško, Dzintra; Jauk, Emanuel; Kamble, Shanmukh V.; Khachatryan, Narine; Klicperová‐Baker, Martina; Knezović, Emil; Kovács, Mónika; Lei, Xuejun; Liik, Kadi; Mamuti, Agim; Moreta-Herrera, Rodrigo; Milfont, Taciano L.; Ong, Chin Wei; Osin, Evgeny; Park, Joonha; Petrović, Boban; Ramos-Diaz, Jano; Riđić, Goran; Qadir, Abdul; Samekin, Adil; Sawicki, A.; Tiliouine, Habib; Tomšík, Robert; Umeh, Charles S.; Bos, Kees van den; Hiel, Alain Van; Uslu, Osman; Włodarczyk, Anna; Yahiiaev, Illia

doi:10.1111/jopy.12569

Cited by 62 publications

(60 citation statements)

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“…It is noteworthy that all the dark triad traits were significantly higher, but moral disengagement was significantly lower in Chinese relative to Muslim participants. This is consistent with Jonason et al (2020) who found that narcissism, Machiavellianism, and psychopathy of China (4.41, 2.83, and 2.55) were generally higher than Egypt (4.14, 2.13, and 2.43), and Indonesia (3.72, 2.66, and 2.80), two Muslim countries. We have no evidence regarding the difference in moral disengagement scores between Chinese and Muslim students and its cultural implications.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Chaos May Prevail Without Filial Piety: A Cross-Cultural Study on Filial Piety, the Dark Triad, and Moral Disengagement

Qiao

Aldbyani

et al. 2021

Front. Psychol.

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In traditional Chinese society, filial piety (FP) served as the philosophical foundation of social governance, without which chaos would prevail. It indicates that the function of FP is not limited to family. FP can predict attitudes and behaviors in other social contexts. This study examined the relationship between FP and moral disengagement, and the mediating roles of the dark triad personality, and cultural differences regarding these mechanisms. An online self-report survey was conducted in two different culture groups- university students from China (N = 400, 37% male, Mage = 20.41, SD age = 2.52) and Islamic countries who are studying in China (N = 378, 59.25% male, Mage = 24.29, SD age = 4.77). Correlation analysis showed that authoritarian FP was positively associated with moral disengagement among students from China and Islamic countries, while reciprocal FP only negatively correlated with moral disengagement among Chinese students. Moreover, reciprocal FP directly and negatively affected moral disengagement, and did so indirectly through the mediating role of Machiavellianism. However, authoritarian FP directly and positively influenced moral disengagement, and did so indirectly through the buffering role of narcissism. These two parallel mediating models are not affected by culture. Though FP varies from culture to culture, reciprocal FP and authoritarian FP play critical roles in influencing personality and moral development. Reciprocal FP reduces moral disengagement directly and indirectly by weakening Machiavellianism. The role of authoritarian FP is conflicting. It can strengthen moral disengagement, but may also weaken it by deterring the development of the narcissistic personality. The findings enlighten us to view authoritarian FP dialectically. These two parallel mediating models are not affected by culture, indicating the applicability of DFPM in other societies. Future studies are encouraged to involve participants from more divergent countries and cultural backgrounds.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Chaos May Prevail Without Filial Piety: A Cross-Cultural Study on Filial Piety, the Dark Triad, and Moral Disengagement

Qiao

Aldbyani

et al. 2021

Front. Psychol.

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“…In addition, extraverted characteristics (being outgoing, authoritative) are often considered socially desirable within individualistic cultures (e.g., Western society; Hills & Argyle, 2001). The higher scores of the Russian sample on Antagonism are consistent with the findings of Jonason et al (2020), who observed higher scores in comparison with the United Kingdom on the Dirty Dozen (a measure underpinned by antagonism; . This interesting finding requires further investigation to identify the cultural forces that contribute to these differences.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

A Cross-Cultural Investigation of the Five-Factor Narcissism Inventory Short Form: Narcissism as a Multidimensional Trait in the United Kingdom and Russia

Papageorgiou

Denovan

Dagnall

et al. 2021

Journal of Personality Assessment

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Research on narcissism supports a multifactorial structure with each factor to be multidimensional. However, studies typically assess 1 factor of narcissism using scales such as the Short Dark Triad (SD3). The Five-Factor Narcissism Inventory and its short form (FFNI-SF) were developed recently to account for this issue. The extent to which the FFNI-SF assesses equivalent constructs across countries has, nonetheless, received little attention. This study evaluated the factor structure of the FFNI-SF in a Russian sample (N ¼ 1,996) and compared the results with those derived from a UK sample (N ¼ 1,292). Overall, the FFNI-SF evidenced satisfactory internal consistency (mean a ¼ .82 and .79 for the Russian and UK sample for the factors of Antagonism, Extraversion and Neuroticism, respectively). Additionally, analyses yielded a 3-component model in both samples similar to that reported in the original validation study, which also demonstrated meaningful correlations with the SD3. Finally, Antagonism demonstrated significant differences between the 2 samples, perhaps reflecting societal differences between Russia and the United Kingdom. The study highlights the importance of using psychometrically sound measures to assess narcissism in its complexity and the need for additional research on how this trait operates within the personality sphere and across cultures.

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“…For example, given the cross-sectional nature of the study, the direction of causality between the variables could not be ascertained, and thus future longitudinal and experimental studies are certainly needed. Furthermore, in light of the cross-cultural differences reported in the levels of the DT ( Jonason et al, 2020 ), the present results need to be replicated in other national samples before more definitive conclusions can be drawn. Despite these limitations, this study is the first to show that the DT traits are associated with beliefs surrounding well-being, and provide evidence in support of the hypothesis that people with various levels of the DT traits gravitate towards certain notions of well-being that are per se beneficial or detrimental to well-being.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Conceptions of Happiness Mediate the Relationship Between the Dark Triad and Well-Being

Joshanloo

2021

Front. Psychol.

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This study explored the associations between the Dark Triad traits (i.e., Machiavellianism, psychopathy, and narcissism) and mental well-being in a Korean adult sample (N = 1,177). The role of the conceptions of happiness as mediators of these associations was also investigated. Eight conceptions of happiness (e.g., fragility of happiness and eudaimonism), 3 dimensions of hedonic well-being (e.g., life satisfaction), and 2 dimensions of eudaimonic well-being (e.g., psychological well-being) were included in the study. The results showed that Machiavellianism and psychopathy were negatively and narcissism was positively associated with well-being. The pattern of associations between the dark triad and conceptions of happiness showed that Machiavellianism and psychopathy were associated with valuing personal happiness but also considering it to be out of one’s control, and to have negative consequences when achieved. People high on narcissism endorsed generally positive notions of happiness. Results showed that conceptions of happiness functioned as partial mediators in the relationships between the dark triad and well-being. Hence, it seems that the dark triad traits provide a context for the formation of certain beliefs surrounding the nature and value of well-being, which per se influence experienced levels of well-being.

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Country‐level correlates of the Dark Triad traits in 49 countries

Cited by 62 publications

References 50 publications

Chaos May Prevail Without Filial Piety: A Cross-Cultural Study on Filial Piety, the Dark Triad, and Moral Disengagement

Chaos May Prevail Without Filial Piety: A Cross-Cultural Study on Filial Piety, the Dark Triad, and Moral Disengagement

A Cross-Cultural Investigation of the Five-Factor Narcissism Inventory Short Form: Narcissism as a Multidimensional Trait in the United Kingdom and Russia

Conceptions of Happiness Mediate the Relationship Between the Dark Triad and Well-Being

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