Countermeasures against Local Scouring at Bridge Piers: Slot and Combined System of Slot and Bed Sill

Grimaldi, Carmelo; Gaudio, Roberto; Calomino, Francesco; Cardoso, António H.

doi:10.1061/(asce)hy.1943-7900.0000035

Cited by 65 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…In the presence of a countermeasure, the maximum scour depth occurs at the pier front (e.g. Grimaldi et al 2009b, Tafarojnoruz et al 2012. Therefore, the efficiency of the countermeasure r de is defined in terms of the reduction of the equilibrium maximum scour depth observed in proximity to the pier as…”

Section: Efficiency Of Countermeasuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The application of a pier slot as a pier scour countermeasure was considered previously by Chiew (1992) and Grimaldi et al (2009b). Tafarojnoruz et al (2012) performed new tests and proposed an optimum configuration for this countermeasure (Table 1).…”

Section: Combination Of Sacrificial Piles and A Slotmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Zarrati et al (2006) covered the space inside the continuous collar and between two in-line piers with a riprap layer to prevent rapid scour development between them. Grimaldi et al (2009b) protected a circular pier with a downstream bed sill combined with a slot under clear-water conditions by employing uniform sand, obtaining an average efficiency of 45% in the best configurations. Mashahir et al (2010) studied the size and extent of a riprap around rectangular piers protected with a collar.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Combined flow-altering countermeasures against bridge pier scour

Gaudio

Tafarojnoruz

Calomino

2012

Journal of Hydraulic Research

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This study presents the results of clear-water tests on the following five combined flow-altering countermeasures against bridge pier scour: (1) submerged vanes and a bed sill, (2) slot and sacrificial piles, (3) a collar and sacrificial piles, (4) a slot and a collar, and (5) a bed sill and a collar. Each countermeasure was designed on the basis of the best configuration recommended in the literature. The results clarify that an improper combination of two countermeasures may be less effective than each individual countermeasure; combinations (1), (2), and (3) do not reduce the scour depth significantly with respect to the single countermeasures; combination (3) increases the scour rate during the first few hours with respect to a single collar; combination (4) may also prevent scour intrusion beneath a collar; and combination (5) in the best configuration reduces the scour depth significantly around the collar with respect to maximum scour depth of the unprotected pier, preventing also the scour hole reaching the pier body.

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Section: Efficiency Of Countermeasuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Combination Of Sacrificial Piles and A Slotmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Combined flow-altering countermeasures against bridge pier scour

Gaudio

Tafarojnoruz

Calomino

2012

Journal of Hydraulic Research

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“…Several approaches and design criteria have been suggested to reduce the scour at bridge piers, including different countermeasures such as collars (Ettema, 1980;Tanaka and Yano, 1967;Thomas, 1967), bed-sills (Grimaldi et al, 2009a(Grimaldi et al, , 2009b, Iowa vanes (Ghorbani and Kells, 2008;Odgaard and Wang, 1987), collar-ripraps (Chiew, 1995;Zarrati et al, 2006) and slot-collars (Kumar et al, 1999;Moncada-M et al, 2009). In addition, several studies reported in the literature deal with bridge pier scour in the presence of debris accumulation (Diehl, 1997;Lagasse et al, 2009;Melville and Dongol, 1992;Carnacina, 2010, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scour control at bridge piers using macro-roughness elements

Pagliara¹,

Palermo²,

Azizi³

2015

Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Water Manag

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A new approach involving macro-roughness elements is proposed as a scour countermeasure at circular bridge piers subject to debris accumulation. Experiments were carried out under clear water conditions with the approaching flow velocity set at the threshold of sediment motion. The efficiency of the method was investigated in terms of scour morphology reduction and temporal scour evolution. The results show the effectiveness of the method in reducing maximum scour depth. In some cases, the elements did not reduce the maximum scour depth but were effective in reducing the volume of the scour hole. Based on the experimental data, empirical equations were derived to estimate the temporal local scour depth in the presence of debris accumulation and macro-roughness elements

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“…When the top of the 1.5D-wide sleeve was slightly below the original bed surface, scour reduction of 35% could be expected. The effect of slot size in a pile was studied on scour reduction in currents, and results revealed that a 0.25D-wide slot with the height of the water depth could reduce scour depth by 20%-35% [20,30,31]. Moncada-M et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An experimental study on pile scour mitigating measures under waves and currents

Liang

Zhang

Yang

2015

Sci. China Technol. Sci.

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An experimental study has been carried out to investigate effects of four flow-altering scour countermeasures placed around a foundation pile under currents only as well as under coexisting waves and currents. The countermeasures are sacrificial piles, downstream bed sill, sleeve and slot in the pile. Their arrangements follow the suggested optimal configurations, with some of them slightly modified. In terms of the evolution of scour depth and bed topography around the pile, the scour countermeasures are evaluated, subjected to steady currents with or without irregular waves. A comparison between maximum scour depth with the countermeasures and one without the countermeasures demonstrates the efficiency of countermeasures. All the tested scour measures reduce the scour depth by 17.6%-42.6% under the action of currents only and 5.8%-24.0% under the combined action of both currents and waves. The results also show that it takes a shorter time for the scour depth to reach its equilibrium with the measures under either coexisting currents and waves or currents only than ones without the measures.

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Countermeasures against Local Scouring at Bridge Piers: Slot and Combined System of Slot and Bed Sill

Cited by 65 publications

References 12 publications

Combined flow-altering countermeasures against bridge pier scour

Combined flow-altering countermeasures against bridge pier scour

Scour control at bridge piers using macro-roughness elements

An experimental study on pile scour mitigating measures under waves and currents

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