Countercurrent Distribution of High-Boiling Phenols from Low-Temperature Coal Tar

“…Meanwhile, LTCT could also be used to produce chemicals, for example, to separate phenols. The composition of LTCT is extremely complex: it consists of thousands of hydrocarbons and heteroatom compounds, including aliphatic − and aromatic , hydrocarbons, phenols, − nitrogen compounds, − etc. Oxygen-containing compounds, such as phenolic compounds, are much more abundant in LTCT than petroleum and high-temperature coal tars.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Separation and Molecular Characterization of Ketones in a Low-Temperature Coal Tar

et al. 2018

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Ketones are major oxygen-containing compounds in low-temperature coal tars (LTCTs); however, the molecular composition of these compounds is not well characterized as a result of the complexity of itself and the interference of the coal tar matrix. In this study, ketones were separated from a LTCT and characterized by Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS), Orbitrap mass spectrometry (Orbitrap MS), and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS). Isolation of ketones was carried out by a chemical derivatization process with Girard T reagent and followed by a hydrolysis process of the derivatives. The Girard T reagent reacted with ketones under weakly acidic conditions and introduced a charged quaternary ammonium moiety on carbonyl to form water-soluble hydrazones, which can be separated from a complex matrix through an extrography separation and have a strong response in a positive-ion electrospray ionization (ESI) source for mass spectrometric analysis. The isolated derivatives were reversibly turned into the original ketones to selectively separate long alkyl ketones from aromatic ketones with alkyl substituents of C0–C4. The ketones were assigned to 12 class species by high-resolution MS analysis: O1–5 (refers that there are 1–5 oxygen atoms in the molecules), O1S1, N1O1–4, and N2O1–2, among which the O1 class species was the most abundant. The long-chain alkyl ketones, such as aliphatic 2-, 3-, and 4-ketones, alkylcyclopentanones, alkyl phenyl ketones, and aromatic ketones (such as indanone, cyclopentenone, tetralone, acetonaphthone, dihydrophenanthrenone, benzophenone, fluorenone, fluorenyl formaldehyde, anthrone, anthracene formaldehyde, acetylanthracene, acetylphenanthrene, acetylfluorene, benzofluorenone, etc.), were detected by GC–MS. In addition, C18-isoprenoid methyl ketone and tricyclic terpenoids and steroids with one or two oxygen atoms were found in the coal tar.

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“…This way, energy and hydrogen consumption in hydrogenation can be reduced, the service life of the catalysts can be prolonged, and large quantities of phenolic compounds can be acquired. Many scholars have successfully separated phenolic compounds from coal tar, , and some have even made hydrogenation studies on phenolic compounds. − However, there have been rare reports about the difference between hydrogenation of coal tar with phenol extraction and that without phenol extraction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Dephenolization on Low-Temperature Coal Tar Hydrogenation To Produce Fuel Oil

et al. 2016

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The experiment of fuel oil production through hydrogenation has been conducted on a hydrorefining− hydrocracking two-stage serial fixed-bed reactor with coal tar distillate [CTD; initial boiling point (IBP)−360 °C] and phenol extraction coal tar distillate (PE-CTD) as the feedstocks. By comparison of the changes in chemical composition and carbon number distribution as well as product distribution and properties before and after hydrogenation in the two feedstocks, the influences of phenol extraction treatment on fuel oil production with coal tar hydrogenation were studied. The experimental conditions of this study include the reaction pressure of 13 MPa, liquid hourly space velocity of 0.5 h −1 , hydrorefining reaction temperature at 360 °C, hydrocracking reaction temperature at 380 °C, and filling proportion of hydrorefining catalyst/ hydrocracking catalyst of 1:1. The experimental result shows that phenol extraction reduces the naphtha yield by 8.69 wt % but produces 13.58% of mixed phenols. Furthermore, the phenol extraction treatment is favorable for converting a heavy distillate of coal tar to a light fraction.

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Countercurrent Distribution of High-Boiling Phenols from Low-Temperature Coal Tar

Cited by 20 publications

References 22 publications

Partition Coefficients and Structure of Monohydric Phenols by the Technique of Countercurrent Distribution.

Partition Coefficients and Structure of Monohydric Phenols by the Technique of Countercurrent Distribution.

Separation and Molecular Characterization of Ketones in a Low-Temperature Coal Tar

Effect of Dephenolization on Low-Temperature Coal Tar Hydrogenation To Produce Fuel Oil

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