A hydrophobic fragmental system was developed for application in the study of aliphatic hydrocarbonywater (ahcyw) partitioning. The ®nal version presented here is based on an optimized coupling of the ahcyw-system with f-constants for octanolywater partitioning. A total of 70 fvalues are now available in the aliphatic hydrocarbonywater system. The aliphatic hydrocarbonywater system appears to be especially useful in the evaluation of log P oct data for compounds with comparatively high lipophilicity.As a ®rst, preliminary validity check the new system is applied to pharmaco-chemical studies on penetration of blood-brain barrier by drugs and simple organic compounds. 537 Quant. Struct.-Act. Relat., 17 (1998) # WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH, D-69469 Weinheim 0931-8771/99/0510-0372 $17.50+.50/0The lipophilic behaviour of organic compounds QSAR 1 Partitioning SystemsLipophilicity is traditionally measured in the octanolywater system. However, other solvent pairs have been used for particular purposes and for particular sets of compounds.