Counteraction of Bothrops snake venoms by Combretum leprosum root extract and arjunolic acid

Abstract

Altogether, our results show that Combretum leprosum extract can inhibit different activities of two important Brazilian snake venoms, giving support for its popular use in folk medicine in the management of venomous snakebites.

Essential Oils from <i>Mentha viridis</i> (L). L. and <i>Mentha pulegium</i> L.: Cytogenotoxic Effects on Human Cells

“…Fernandes et al [30] reported the inhibition of phospholipase activity of Bothrops jararacussu and Bothrops jararaca venoms by the root extract of Combretum leprosum and the triterpene arjunolic acid isolated from the extract. The inhibitory effect of the extract was dose dependent, whereas the isolated compound was able to inhibit 50% of the activity of the venoms at the concentration of 300 μL•mL …”

Occurrence of sulfated fucose branches in fucosylated chondroitin sulfate are essential for the polysaccharide effect preventing muscle damage induced by toxins and crude venom from Bothrops jararacussu snake

“…After one hour, each test tube was placed on a vortex for about 10 s, 100 mL of the solution were added to 900 mL of distilled water and the absorbance of the solution was measured at 540 nm. Results were expressed as absorbance values (Dejana et al, 1979;Fernandes et al, 2014). To assess the skin hemorrhagic activity the method described by Melo et al (1994) was used.…”

Effect of the triterpene 3β, 6β, 16β-trihydroxylup-20(29)-ene isolated from the leaves of Combretum leprosum Mart. on cutaneous wounds in mice

“…Different parts of this plant, such as stems, leaves and flowers are used in folk medicine as a healing agent, to prevent rashes, and to clean wounds (Horinouchi et al, 2013). Pharmacological studies using extracts from different parts of the plant suggest that the biological activities of C. leprosum include anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive and anti-ulcerogenic effects (Agra et al, 2007;de Albuquerque et al, 2007;Facundo et al, 2005;Fernandes et al, 2014;Longhi-Balbinot et al, 2012;Nunes et al, 2009).…”

“…According to phytochemical analysis, C. leprosum is rich in pentacyclic triterpenoids (arjunolic and molic acid and 3β, 6β, 16β-trihydroxylup-20(29)-ene), cycloartane triterpenoids and flavonoids (3-O-methylquercetin and quercetrin), and some of these substances have important biological activities (Facundo et al, 1993;Fernandes et al, 2014;Longhi-Balbinot et al, 2012;Pietrovski et al, 2006). However, the components present in the ethanolic extract of C. leprosum that are responsible for the healing activity remain unknown.…”