Counter‐intuitive temperature excursions during regeneration of a diesel particulate filter

Chen, K.; Martirosyan, Karen S.; Luss, Dan

doi:10.1002/aic.12427

Cited by 11 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…As the temperature front propagated further upstream, the front extinguished about 32 s after the change was implemented. The soot at the upstream was not consumed and the DPF was only partially regenerated, which agreed with our experimental observations …”

Section: Mathematical Modelsupporting

confidence: 92%

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Temperature Excursions in Diesel Particulate Filters: Response to Shift to Idle

Chen¹,

Luss²

2011

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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Diesel particulate filter (DPF) is the most efficient method for particulate matter (PM) emissions removal. The accumulated PM is removed by periodic controlled combustion. In some cases, the regeneration leads to excessive local temperature excursions that may melt and destruct the ceramic filter. The cause of this DPF melting is still an open question. The temperature rise under stationary (constant) operation is not sufficiently high to explain these destructive events. Numerical simulations were conducted for cases in which the regeneration occurred by a moving temperature front. A shift to idle increases the oxygen concentration and decreases the exhaust gases flow rate and temperature. The simulations revealed that the transient temperature response to a rapid change from normal driving to idle is higher than those attained under stationary operation under either the initial or the final operating conditions. The magnitude of the transient temperature rise depends on when the change in the driving mode occurred relative to the time at which a moving temperature front formed. An early change may reverse the direction of the moving temperature front from that following a later change. The response to the rapid increase in the feed oxygen concentration and decreased flow rate is faster than that to the decrease in the feed temperature. However, a rapid feed temperature decrease may eventually decrease the temperature of the moving front and cause in some cases incomplete local PM regeneration. The temperature rise following a step-change of the feed conditions is higher than that when the same change occurs by a ramp. The shorter is the period of the ramp change, the higher is the transient temperature rise.

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Section: Mathematical Modelsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…The soot at the upstream was not consumed and the DPF was only partially regenerated, which agreed with our experimental observations. 42 Figures 3 and 7a revealed that when the ignition started from the upstream of the DPF, the maximum temperature rise was attained at the end of the DPF. However, this is not always true.…”

Section: Mathematical Modelmentioning

confidence: 95%

Temperature Excursions in Diesel Particulate Filters: Response to Shift to Idle

Chen¹,

Luss²

2011

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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“…Moreover, they may not be able to distinguish between a moving high temperature emanating from a single ignition point or that emanating from one of several ignition points. 14,15…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of the effect of biodiesel blends on the performance of a fuel additive-assisted diesel filter system

Tziourtzioumis

Stamatelos

2014

International Journal of Engine Research

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The results of full-scale regeneration tests with a unit silicon carbide diesel particulate filter installed on a single-cylinder diesel engine are presented. Two sets of transient regeneration experiments, one for each fuel used, with high level of exhaust gas flow rate (normalized per filter volume) and markedly different levels of soot loading were performed. The test fuels were conventional diesel (denoted as B0) and B20 biodiesel blend. The effect of the biodiesel on filter regeneration was further investigated by means of infrared thermography. The main objective was to investigate the catalytic soot ignition and regeneration propagation when the engine is fueled by biodiesel blends. Special focus was on the temperature distribution across the filter channels and the evolution of the regeneration at the central and peripheral part of the filter. The results indicated a faster evolution of the regeneration with lower overall filter wall temperatures with favorable effects on the filter durability, when the engine is fueled by B20.

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“…However, these experiments cannot determine the mode of the combustion or the evolution and motion of a temperature peak. Moreover, they may not be able to distinguish between a moving high temperature emanating from a single ignition point or that emanating from one of several ignition points [144,145].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental investigation of the steady state and transient operation of diesel engines fuelled by high percentage biodiesel blends

Tziourtzioumis¹,

Τζιουρτζιούμης²

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In Greece, biodiesel, in the form of Fatty Acid Methyl Esters (FAME), is produced since 2005 andcurrently mixed in the Diesel fuel at about 5.5% vol., this percentage being slowly but steadily increasing.The production capacity of existing biodiesel factories in Greece can supply the required quantities toincrease the biodiesel blending percentage up to 15%, provided that the necessary vegetable oil andrecycled oil quantities should become available and prices be favorable. According to Greek legislation, atleast 30% of the raw material must be domestically produced. This need is covered mainly by recycledcooking oils and only secondarily by energy crops in Northern Greece. The production of biodiesel fromlocal factories in Greece was regulated by means of distributing an annual quantity of biodiesel among thefactories, based on an algorithm that is modified every year. Automotive manufacturers allow running ofmodern diesel powered passenger cars on blends of biodiesel up to B20‐B30, provided that certainadditional maintenance measures are taken, including more frequent fuel and oil filter changes, along withinspection of engine oil level and the fuel lines and injection system components for possible leaks. In orderto ensure customer’s acceptance, standardization and quality assurance are key factors for the marketintroduction of biodiesel as transport fuel. This PhD thesis examines the effect of biodiesel fuel onperformance, efficiency, emissions and injection system durability of conventional and modern Dieselengines under steady state and transient operating conditions.These include a better understanding of the engine ECU operation with a high biodiesel (FAME) blend inmodern common‐rail injection Diesel engine, the study of the biodiesel combustion analyzing the capturedindicator graphs, the investigation of the filter regeneration behavior by means of the infraredthermography on a small filter module and in‐house computational tool and the study of biodieselatomization and injection characteristics by means of the Laser Doppler Velocimetry technique.In the first part of the Thesis, a better understanding of the engine ECU operation with a high biodiesel(FAME) blend in modern common‐rail injection Diesel engines is attempted. This understanding is appliedto the explanation of the observed effects on the engine performance and emissions characteristics withthis engine category. The results are compared to the relatively scarce works reported in the specializedliterature for the specific engine category and high blending ratios. Also, the effect of biodiesel blends inthe transient fuel system and engine operation is examined. Furthermore, the effect of prolonged engineoperation at a high biodiesel blend on the fuel system and the engine components is investigated.In the second part of the Thesis, the effect of low percentage biodiesel blends on the diesel filter loadingand regeneration behavior of a conventional, single cylinder Diesel engine with low pressure injectionsystem is presented. A fuel additive is employed in order to perform filter regeneration at relatively lowexhaust temperatures. The effect of the biodiesel on the filter regeneration is further investigated bymeans of infrared thermography on a small filter module and in‐house computational tool. In addition, theeffect of biodiesel on injection characteristics is investigated by means of Laser Doppler Velocimetrytechnique.Τhe results enhance our understanding of the engine ECU behavior with the high percentage biodieselblends. Certain modifications to engine ECU maps and control parameters are proposed and discussed,aimed at improvement of transient performance of modern engines run on high percentage biodieselblends. However, a high pressure pump failure that was observed after prolonged engine operation withthe B70 blend, hints to the use of more conservative biodiesel blending in fuel that should not exceed 30%for common rail engines.The observed benefits as regards the DPF extend also to the faster evolution of regeneration and thelower overall filter wall temperatures with favorable effects on the filter durability.

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Counter‐intuitive temperature excursions during regeneration of a diesel particulate filter

Cited by 11 publications

References 48 publications

Temperature Excursions in Diesel Particulate Filters: Response to Shift to Idle

Temperature Excursions in Diesel Particulate Filters: Response to Shift to Idle

Investigation of the effect of biodiesel blends on the performance of a fuel additive-assisted diesel filter system

Experimental investigation of the steady state and transient operation of diesel engines fuelled by high percentage biodiesel blends

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