“…However, this quite simple reaction slowly occurs in physiological conditions, requiring the aid of an enzyme that strongly accelerates it. Carbonic anhydrases (CAs, EC 4.2.1.1) are ubiquitous metalloenzymes involved in the catalysis of this reaction, and currently eight diverse genetic CA families ( α -, β -, γ -, δ -, ζ -, η -, θ -, and i -CAs) have been reported [ 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 ]. The fifteen human carbonic anhydrase isoforms (hCAs) belong to the α -family and cover a pivotal role in a multitude of physiological functions such as respiration, transport of carbon dioxide between metabolizing tissues and lungs, pH homeostasis, electrolyte secretion in various tissues/organs, as well as biosynthetic reactions [ 9 ].…”