Coulomb Dissociation of RelativisticC12andO

Electromagnetic Dissociation Cross Sections Using Weisskopf-Ewing Theory

“…[30][31][32][33][34][35][36]. σ EMD (24) are the theoretical EMD cross sections using the energy independent branching ratio, equation (24).…”

Comparison of exact and approximate cross sections in relativistic Coulomb excitation

“…Here one assumes that the important Fourier components of the electromagnetic pulse correspond to wavelengths that are large compared to target dimensions. In this case, the small-argument limit of the spherical Bessel function, 12) can be used. With this approximation, Lanza et al [6] were able to obtain explicit approximate expressions, in terms of hypergeometric functions, for the V βα (t), which they used in their analyses of multiphonon Coulomb excitation.…”

“…The Fermi-Williams-Weizsäcker (FWW) method of virtual quanta [14] is frequently used to analyze processes in which Coulomb excitation is followed by particle emission (see, e.g., refs. [5,12,15,16]). Here one simulates the electromagnetic pulse by an equivalent flux of virtual photons, and uses experimentally determined photo-nuclear cross-sections to describe the effect of these virtual photons on the target.…”

“…If this level is unbound, the Coulomb excitation will be followed by particle emission. Methods have been developed to extract from the particle emission cross-section the part that is associated with the Coulomb excitation of the emitting state, as opposed to excitation via nuclear forces [12,13]. The Fermi-Williams-Weizsäcker (FWW) method of virtual quanta [14] is frequently used to analyze processes in which Coulomb excitation is followed by particle emission (see, e.g., refs.…”

Nuclear Collisions at High Energies

“…This procedure has been used with -26-considerable success in studying the fragmentation of 160, 180 and 56Fe (141)(142)(143) and is illustrated in Figure 18. The absolute cross sections are in good agreement with the Weizsacker-Williams predictions and with those of more sophisticated models (144) for the virtual photon spectrum.…”