Abstract:Background: Dextranomer/hyaluronic acid copolymer (Dx/HA) has been the most widely used bulking agent for the endoscopic treatment of vesicoureteral reflux. Case presentation: Here we report on a case of an 18-month-old male who underwent endoscopic treatment with Dx/HA for persistent high-grade unilateral vesicoureteral reflux (VUR). Three months later, due to the reappearance of contralateral VUR and indicated endoscopic treatment, a second cystoscopy was performed. A submucosal, well-vascularized mass local… Show more
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