Could targeting immunometabolism be a way to control the burden of COVID-19 infection?

Berber, Engin; Sumbria, Deepak; Rouse, Barry T.

doi:10.1016/j.micinf.2021.104780

Cited by 8 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 71 publications

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“…Increased COVID-19 mortality caused by diabetes or hyperglycemia might be a result of elevated glucose levels, which provides massive substrates for enhanced glycolysis, which subsequently generates energy and components for SARS-CoV-2 replication [ 57 , 128 ]. As for the influence on immune response, patients with metabolic diseases such as diabetes and obesity often respond to infection with a proinflammatory patterns rather than a protective pattern, which may lead to increased production of cytokines and ROS in COVID-19 infection, fueling the IFN-IDO-Kyn pathway and ROS-Glycolysis axis [ 129 ]. As a result, future research targeting metabolic alternations in COVID-19 infections should pay special attention to pre-existing metabolism derailments in order to achieve a deeper understanding of metabolic reprograming in the pathophysiology of COVID-19.…”

Section: Conclusion and Future Directionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic Reprogramming in COVID-19

Shen

Wang

2021

IJMS

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Plenty of research has revealed virus induced alternations in metabolic pathways, which is known as metabolic reprogramming. Studies focusing on COVID-19 have uncovered significant changes in metabolism, resulting in the perspective that COVID-19 is a metabolic disease. Reprogramming of amino acid, glucose, cholesterol and fatty acid is distinctive characteristic of COVID-19 infection. These metabolic changes in COVID-19 have a critical role not only in producing energy and virus constituent elements, but also in regulating immune response, offering new insights into COVID-19 pathophysiology. Remarkably, metabolic reprogramming provides great opportunities for developing novel biomarkers and therapeutic agents for COVID-19 infection. Such novel agents are expected to be effective adjuvant therapies. In this review, we integrate present studies about major metabolic reprogramming in COVID-19, as well as the possibility of targeting reprogrammed metabolism to combat virus infection.

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Section: Conclusion and Future Directionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic Reprogramming in COVID-19

Shen

Wang

2021

IJMS

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“…Thus, adjustment of the immune cells’ metabolic potential and bioenergetics can centrally function in the innate immune response to this novel pathogen ( 119 ). In this concern, diet and nutrition may influence the outcome of COVID-19, while events such as patients with metabolic problems can change the whole infection progress ( 120 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbohydrates Metabolic Signatures in Immune Cells: Response to Infection

et al. 2022

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IntroductionMetabolic reprogramming in immune cells is diverse and distinctive in terms of complexity and flexibility in response to heterogeneous pathogenic stimuli. We studied the carbohydrate metabolic changes in immune cells in different types of infectious diseases. This could help build reasonable strategies when understanding the diagnostics, prognostics, and biological relevance of immune cells under alternative metabolic burdens.MethodsSearch and analysis were conducted on published peer-reviewed papers on immune cell metabolism of a single pathogen infection from the four known types (bacteria, fungi, parasites, and viruses). Out of the 131 selected papers based on the PIC algorithm (pathogen type/immune cell/carbohydrate metabolism), 30 explored immune cell metabolic changes in well-studied bacterial infections, 17 were on fungal infections of known medical importance, and 12 and 57 were on parasitic and viral infections, respectively.Results and DiscussionWhile carbohydrate metabolism in immune cells is signaled by glycolytic shift during a bacterial or viral infection, it is widely evident that effector surface proteins are expressed on the surface of parasites and fungi to modulate metabolism in these cells.ConclusionsCarbohydrate metabolism in immune cells can be categorized according to the pathogen or the disease type. Accordingly, this classification can be used to adopt new strategies in disease diagnosis and treatment.

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“…All viruses lack their metabolic functions and rely on the cells they infect to create the ingredients required to establish new virions 100 . Most viruses significantly alter the metabolism of infected cells, and some eventually shut down all cell metabolism, causing the cell to die 100 .…”

Section: Metabolic Reprogramming During Covid‐19mentioning

confidence: 99%

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) update: From metabolic reprogramming to immunometabolism

Rudiansyah

Jasim

Pour

et al. 2022

Journal of Medical Virology

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The field of immunometabolism investigates and describes the effects of metabolic rewiring in immune cells throughout activation and the fates of these cells. Recently, it has been appreciated that immunometabolism plays an essential role in the progression of viral infections, cancer, and autoimmune diseases. Regarding COVID‐19, the aberrant immune response underlying the progression of diseases establishes two major respiratory pathologies, including acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) or pneumonia‐induced acute lung injury (ALI). Both innate and adaptive immunity (T cell‐based) were impaired in the course of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) infection. Current findings have deciphered that macrophages (innate immune cells) are involved in the inflammatory response seen in COVID‐19. It has been demonstrated that immune system cells can change metabolic reprogramming in some conditions, including autoimmune diseases, cancer, and infectious disease, including COVID‐19. The growing findings on metabolic reprogramming in COVID‐19 allow an exploration of metabolites with immunomodulatory properties as future therapies to combat this hyperinflammatory response. The elucidation of the exact role and mechanism underlying this metabolic reprograming in immune cells could help apply more precise approaches to initial diagnosis, prognosis, and in‐hospital therapy. This report discusses the latest findings from COVID‐19 on host metabolic reprogramming and immunometabolic responses.

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Could targeting immunometabolism be a way to control the burden of COVID-19 infection?

Cited by 8 publications

References 71 publications

Metabolic Reprogramming in COVID-19

Metabolic Reprogramming in COVID-19

Carbohydrates Metabolic Signatures in Immune Cells: Response to Infection

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) update: From metabolic reprogramming to immunometabolism

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