Could Human Papillomaviruses Be Spread through Blood?

Bodaghi, Sohrab; Wood, Lauren V.; Roby, Gregg; Ryder, Celia; Steinberg, Seth M.; Zheng, Zhi-Ming

doi:10.1128/jcm.43.11.5428-5434.2005

Cited by 113 publications

(123 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…The high incidence of BPV-2 DNA in normal bladder possibly reflects the presence of a latent infection that may be activated by the immunosuppressive and/or carcinogenic chemicals in bracken fern (Borzacchiello et al, 2003). Recently, it has been shown that human PV (HPV) and BPV DNA is detectable in PBMCs (Bodaghi et al, 2005;Roperto et al, 2008;Wosiacki et al, 2005), plasma and serum (Widschwendter et al, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Transcripts from HPV DNA-positive PBMCs have not been found, nor has the blood cell (sub)population(s) preferentially harbouring HPV genomes been detected, which suggests that PBMCs probably function as non-permissive carriers (Bodaghi et al, 2005;Ho et al, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although further epidemiological studies are required to improve our understanding of PV transmission (IARC, 2007), it has been suggested that PBMCs may be PV carriers and blood may be a potential new route of transmission (Bodaghi et al, 2005;Chen et al, 2009;Roperto et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…BPV-1/-2 E5 DNA has been detected in PBMCs of cattle suffering from urothelial tumours of the urinary bladder and horses affected by sarcoids (Brandt et al, 2008). Furthermore, the expression of BPV-2 E5 oncoprotein has been shown in PBMCs of haematuric cattle by both RT-PCR and Western blotting; immunocytochemical investigations on cytospin preparations from PBMCs showed that E5 was localized mainly in the cytoplasm of lymphocytes .Although further epidemiological studies are required to improve our understanding of PV transmission (IARC, 2007), it has been suggested that PBMCs may be PV carriers and blood may be a potential new route of transmission (Bodaghi et al, 2005;Chen et al, 2009;Roperto et al, 2008).In this report, we have clearly documented expression of the BPV-2 E5 oncoprotein and L1 capsid protein in PBMC subsets derived from cows affected by urinary bladder tumours.This study shows, for the first time, which blood cell subpopulations are involved in the potential spread of the virus by the bloodstream and that productive infections by BPVs can take place in PBMCs. …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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PBMCs are additional sites of productive infection of bovine papillomavirus type 2

Roperto

Comazzi

Ciusani

et al. 2011

Journal of General Virology

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Bovine papillomavirus type 2 (BPV-2) is an oncogenic virus infecting both epithelial and mesenchymal cells. Its life cycle, similar to other papillomaviruses (PVs), appears to be linked to epithelial differentiation. Human and bovine PVs have been known to reside in a latent, episomal form in PBMCs; therefore, it is believed that blood cells, like all mesenchymal cells, function as non-permissive carriers. Here, for the first time in veterinary and comparative medicine, the BPV-2 E5 oncoprotein and the major structural L1 capsid protein, known to be expressed only in productive infections, were shown to occur in defined subsets of PBMCs. E5 oncoprotein was detected in sorted T-and B-cells as well as in monocytes by flow cytometry and Western blot analysis. However, CD4 + and CD8 + lymphocytes appeared to be the main circulating targets of the virus, thus possibly representing the most important reservoir of active BPV-2 in blood. L1 protein was identified by flow cytometry in a population of blood cells recognized as lymphocytes by morphological scatter properties. Western blot analysis was performed on lysates obtained from the sorted subpopulations of PBMCs and detected L1 protein in CD4 + and CD8 + cells only. Thus, this study showed that CD4 + and CD8 + lymphocytes are permissive for BPV-2 and are new, hitherto unknown sites of productive PV infection. In light of these observations, the life cycle of PVs needs to be revisited to gain novel insights into the epidemiology of BPV infection and the pathogenesis of related diseases. INTRODUCTIONBovine papillomaviruses (BPVs) are a heterogeneous group of viruses responsible for tumours of the skin, genital and paragenital area, eye, upper gastrointestinal tract and urinary bladder (IARC, 2007). BPVs, like all other papillomaviruses (PVs), are usually strictly species specific. However, cases of cross-species infection are known to occur. BPV type 1 (BPV-1) and BPV-2, belonging to the genus Deltapapillomavirus (de Villiers et al., 2004), are responsible for infections in equids resulting in sarcoids (Chambers et al., 2003;Trenfield et al., 1985), as well as in bison and water buffaloes leading to warts (Literák et al., 2006;Silvestre et al., 2009). In addition, a variant of BPV-8, classified in the genus Epsilonpapillomavirus, also causes papillomas of the skin in bison (Tomita et al., 2007). More recently, it has been suggested that BPVs could be responsible for cutaneous sarcoids in cats and captive African lions (Munday & Knight, 2010;Orbell et al., 2010).BPV-1 and -2 are closely related serotypes (Shafti-Keramat et al., 2009) and can infect both epithelial and mesenchymal cells. Similar to other PVs, BPV-1/-2 replication and virion production are confined to the epithelial region of the lesions, whilst infection of mesenchymal cells appears to be non-productive (Campo, 2006;Shafti-Keramat et al., 2009).BPV-2 is known to play a central role in bladder carcinogenesis of adult cattle reared on pasturelands rich in bracken fern. In these animals, tumours of the u...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

PBMCs are additional sites of productive infection of bovine papillomavirus type 2

Roperto

Comazzi

Ciusani

et al. 2011

Journal of General Virology

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“…Also at this site, the presence of the virus may be completely asymptomatic or associated with ulcerative precancerous lesions, warts and even cancers [28,3]. Recently, increasing interest has been shown towards HPV and viremia and several studies conducted in female patients with cervical cancers, have shown that HPV DNA can be found in peripheral blood, mononuclear cells, sera, plasma and arterial cord blood [7,69]. Also in infected males HPV markers were found in peripheral blood, although it is unclear whether it represents the result of cell-mediated immunity or involvement in virus spreading [32].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection: a Mozambique overview

2016

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Human Papillomavirus is agent of the most common sexually transmitted disease which is able to infect mucosal and cutaneous membranes of the anogenital region, upper aerodigestive tract, and other head and neck mucosal regions. Although mainly HPV infection can be asymptomatic and transient, it may persist and give rise to various lesions such as warts, condyloma dysplasia and cancers depending on low or high risk type of HPV infection. Moreover, growing recent evidence suggests a role of this virus in male and female fertility. To date no effective prevention, test, treatment and control strategies are provided for people in developing countries despite the reported high incidence of HPV both in women and men. This paper reviews the more recent literature about HPV infection highlighting epidemiology, related pathologies and possible fertility effects of HPV in male and female with particular attention to the Mozambique context.

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Human Papillomavirus Infection

Szalai

2011

Harper's Textbook of Pediatric Dermatology

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Could Human Papillomaviruses Be Spread through Blood?

Cited by 113 publications

References 41 publications

PBMCs are additional sites of productive infection of bovine papillomavirus type 2

PBMCs are additional sites of productive infection of bovine papillomavirus type 2

Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection: a Mozambique overview

Human Papillomavirus Infection

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