Could age and aging change the host response to systemic parasitic infections? A systematic review of preclinical evidence

Felizardo, Amanda Aparecida; Marques, Débora Vasconcelos Bastos; Caldas, Ivo Santana; Gonçalves, Reggiani Vilela; Novaes, Rômulo Dias

doi:10.1016/j.exger.2018.01.022

Cited by 17 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 117 publications

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“…All in vivo preclinical studies employed young and isogenic mice to evaluate the TCR repertoire in experimental infection by T . cruzi , which are important factors in the determination of resistance or susceptibility to infection [ 45 , 46 ], as well as greater control of immunological variability [ 47 ]. Clearly, there are isogenic animals that may or may not establish a rapid, vigorous, and effective immune response in dealing with the parasite, which are classified as resistant or susceptible animals to infection by T .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

T-cell receptor variable region usage in Chagas disease: A systematic review of experimental and human studies

2022

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T cells recognize their ligand, the peptide major histocompatibility complex (MHC), via the T-cell receptor (TCR), which is composed of covalently linked α and β or γ and δ chains. This recognition is critical for T-cell ontogeny and controls the selection, activation, and function of T lymphocytes. Specific TCR αβ variable regions have been associated with immunopathogenesis of Chagas disease. Here, we present a systematic review that compiles experimental in vivo and human data regarding the preferential expression of variable alpha (Vα) and variable beta (Vβ) chain regions in Trypanosoma cruzi infection. The original studies indexed in PubMed/Medline, Scopus, and Web of Science databases were screened according to the PRISMA strategy. The analysis showed that expression of TCR Vα subfamilies were evaluated in one human study, and, unlike TCR Vβ, TCR Vα presented a more restricted usage. Despite the great variability in the usage of TCR Vβ regions in human Chagas disease, a down-regulation of TCR Vβ5 expression by T cells from patients in the acute phase of the disease was shown. Opposingly, this TCR region was found overly expressed in CD4+ T cells from chronic Chagas patients. It was also demonstrated that murine Vβ9+ T cells derived from nonlymphoid organs of T . cruzi -infected animals had a modulatory profile, while splenic Vβ9+ T cells produced inflammatory cytokines, indicating that although they display the same TCR Vβ region usage, these cells are functionally distinct. Despite the limitations of few papers and year of publication of the studies, compiling the data derived from them reveals that further investigation of TCR usage will point to their potential role in protective or pathogenic responses, as biomarkers of disease progression, and in the search for dominant peptides potentially useful for the development of vaccines or therapies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

T-cell receptor variable region usage in Chagas disease: A systematic review of experimental and human studies

2022

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“…Female mice were used in only one study. Although the current evidence does not indicate a relevant effect of sex hormones on T. cruzi infection (Soares et al ., 2012, Felizardo et al ., 2018), host lineage and age exerts a direct impact on the balance between resistance and susceptibility to T. cruzi infections (Pereira et al ., 2017; Felizardo et al ., 2018). In this sense, young adult animals are highly susceptible to T. cruzi infection than old animals (Felizardo et al ., 2018).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although the current evidence does not indicate a relevant effect of sex hormones on T. cruzi infection (Soares et al ., 2012, Felizardo et al ., 2018), host lineage and age exerts a direct impact on the balance between resistance and susceptibility to T. cruzi infections (Pereira et al ., 2017; Felizardo et al ., 2018). In this sense, young adult animals are highly susceptible to T. cruzi infection than old animals (Felizardo et al ., 2018). In addition, the homogenous genetic background of isogenic animals improves the experimental control, providing a lower immunological variability than outbred animals (Trischmann et al ., 1978; Vorraro et al ., 2014).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Could angiotensin-modulating drugs be relevant for the treatment of Trypanosoma cruzi infection? A systematic review of preclinical and clinical evidence

et al. 2019

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Although leucocytes are targets of renin-angiotensin system (RAS) effector molecules and RAS-modulating drugs exert immunomodulatory effects, their impact on Trypanosoma cruzi infection remains poorly understood. By using the framework of a systematic review, we integrated the preclinical and clinical evidence to investigate the relevance of angiotensin-inhibiting drugs on T. cruzi infections. From a comprehensive and structured search in biomedical databases, only original studies were analysed. In preclinical and clinical studies, captopril, enalapril and losartan were RAS-modulating drugs used. The main in vitro findings indicated that these drugs increased parasite uptake per host cells, IL-12 expression by infected dendritic cells and IFN-γ by T lymphocytes, in addition to attenuating IL-10 and IL-17 production by CD8 + T cells. In animal models, reduced parasitaemia, tissue parasitism, leucocytes infiltration and mortality were often observed in T. cruzi-infected animals receiving RAS-modulating drugs. In patients with Chagas’ disease, these drugs exerted a controversial impact on cytokine and hormone levels, and a limited effect on cardiovascular function. Considering a detailed evaluation of reporting and methodological quality, the current preclinical and clinical evidence is at high risk of bias, and we hope that our critical analysis will be useful in mitigating the risk of bias in further studies.

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“…The present study showed ECC could improve cognitive function and exert potential neuroprotective effects in experimental AD according to a large amount of experimental animal data, with 1696 rodents, indicating that ECC are candidates for AD treatment and can be used for further clinical trials. Besides, systematic review of animal researches is a more economical and ethical method to integrate preclinical evidence, helping to reduce unnecessary sacrifice of laboratory animals and preventing invalid or less informative researches [58, 59]. Systematic review of preclinical researches can identify defects in study design and implementation, contributing to improvement of the quality of follow-up preclinical researches [60, 61].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preclinical Evidence and Possible Mechanisms of Extracts or Compounds from Cistanches for Alzheimer’s Disease

Zhou¹,

Xu²,

Jin³

et al. 2019

Aging and disease

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Currently, disease-modified strategies to prevent, halt or reverse the progress of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) are still lacking. Previous studies indicated extracts or compounds from Cistanches (ECC) exert a potential neuroprotective effect against AD. Thus, we conducted a preclinical systematic review to assess preclinical evidence and possible mechanisms of ECC in experimental AD. A systematical searching strategy was carried out across seven databases from their inceptions to July 2018. Twenty studies with 1696 rats or mice were involved. Neurobehavioral function indices as primary outcome measures were established by the Morris water maze test (n = 11), step-down test (n = 10), electrical Y-maze test (n = 4), step-through test (n = 3), open field test (n = 2) and passage water maze test (n = 1). Compared with controls, the results of the meta-analysis showed ECC exerted a significant effect in decreasing the escape latency, error times and wrong reaction latency in both the training test and the retention test, and in increasing the exact time and the percentage of time in the platform-quadrant and the number of platform crossings (all P<0.01). In conclusion, ECC exert potential neuroprotective effects in experimental AD, mainly through mechanisms involving antioxidant stress and antiapoptosic effects, inhibiting Aβ deposition and tau protein hyperphosphorylation and promoting synapse protection. Thus, ECC could be a candidate for AD treatment and further clinical trials.

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Could age and aging change the host response to systemic parasitic infections? A systematic review of preclinical evidence

Cited by 17 publications

References 117 publications

T-cell receptor variable region usage in Chagas disease: A systematic review of experimental and human studies

T-cell receptor variable region usage in Chagas disease: A systematic review of experimental and human studies

Could angiotensin-modulating drugs be relevant for the treatment of Trypanosoma cruzi infection? A systematic review of preclinical and clinical evidence

Preclinical Evidence and Possible Mechanisms of Extracts or Compounds from Cistanches for Alzheimer’s Disease

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