Cotton Production in the United States of America

Raper, Tyson B.; Pilon, Cristiane; Singh, Vijay Pratap; Snider, John L.; Stewart, Scott; Byrd, Seth A.

doi:10.1002/9781119385523.ch11

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 97 publications

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“…cotton belt, only receives ∼50 cm of precipitation annually, whereas South Carolina experienced an average of 119 cm in 2019 (Raper et al, 2019;South Carolina State Climatology Office, 2019). Whereas irrigation may be slightly less crucial in the southeast, it can still be necessary to manage water stress.…”

Section: Core Ideasmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pima grown in the western U.S. cotton belt is also regularly irrigated as the climate in this region is dryer and far less humid than the southeast. For example, Texas, one of the largest states in the cotton belt, only receives ∼50 cm of precipitation annually, whereas South Carolina experienced an average of 119 cm in 2019 (Raper et al., 2019; South Carolina State Climatology Office, 2019). Whereas irrigation may be slightly less crucial in the southeast, it can still be necessary to manage water stress.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Growth, boll development, agronomic performance, and fiber quality of Gossypium barbadense L. in the southeastern U.S. Coastal Plain

et al. 2022

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Pima (Gossypium barbadense L.) cotton is currently grown commercially in the western United States and has exceptional fiber quality, which provides an economic value almost two times greater than Upland (Gossypium hirsutum L.) cotton. Due to limited experience with Pima production in the southeastern United States, our primary objective was to compare the growth, development, agronomic performance, and fiber quality of four Pima genotypes with a high-yielding high fiber quality commercial Upland cultivar under irrigated and dryland conditions at different planting dates. Lint yields of all Pima genotypes were ∼50% less and had lower lint percentages (38.0-42.4%) than the Upland genotype (45.7%); however, the Pima genotypes had consistently lower micronaire values and increased fiber strength, length, and uniformity. Although irrigation did not significantly impact agronomic and fiber quality performance, plants grown under supplemental irrigation developed 10% more bolls throughout the season, mostly occurring on monopodial branches and at mainstem nodal positions above 15. Bolls on Pima genotypes were 13-34% smaller than the Upland genotype and developed at more distal and higher nodal positions in the plant canopy. The highest net returns were found in 2019 at the early planting date, displaying the importance of timely planting of Pima genotypes when grown in the southeastern United States. Results suggest that irrigation may not be required for Pima production in the southeast, early planting is preferred to obtain maximum yields, and increasing lint percent, boll number, or earliness through breeding may improve Pima yields in the southeastern United States.

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Section: Core Ideasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth, boll development, agronomic performance, and fiber quality of Gossypium barbadense L. in the southeastern U.S. Coastal Plain

et al. 2022

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“…Specifically, the United States produces approximately 4.5 billion kg (20 million bales) of cotton annually, equivalent to a $7 billion value. Furthermore, Georgia generally accounts for approximately 10% of the national total, making it the second largest cotton‐producing state in the country (Raper et al., 2019). Although irrigation is commonly used in the southeastern United States to supplement rainfall and prevent exposure to yield‐limiting drought, over‐irrigation can lead to unnecessary costs for producers and negative impacts on the environment (Chalise et al., 2022; Ermanis et al., 2021; Liu et al., 2022; Plumblee et al., 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of irrigation termination times on cotton cultivars with contrasting maturities

Lawson,

Snider,

Hand

et al. 2023

Agronomy Journal

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Optimizing irrigation termination time can save water and preserve lint yield and fiber quality in cotton. Although there is currently an irrigation termination recommendation in Georgia, the ideal time for termination could be influenced by cultivar differences in maturity. The hypotheses of this study were that differential irrigation termination times will affect lint yield, fiber quality, and incidence of hardlock and boll rot, and responses will be dependent on cultivar differences in maturity. In 2021 and 2022, a study was conducted in Camilla, GA using two cotton cultivars with contrasting maturities under four irrigation termination treatments. Irrigation was terminated at cutout, 1st open boll, two weeks after 1st open boll, and four weeks after 1st open boll. Measurements included plant growth, cutout date, lint yield, irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE), fiber quality, and incidence of boll diseases. Gas exchange measurements and percent open boll estimates at each irrigation termination time were also conducted. Terminating irrigation at cutout, did not significantly affect yield in either year; however, IWUE increased 12.6% relative to current recommendations and 13.2% relative to the latest termination time in the 2022 season. Cultivars differed significantly in cutout date, agronomic maturity, gas exchange rates, yield, hardlock/boll rot incidence, and fiber quality. However, there was no interaction between cultivar and irrigation termination time for any parameter. We conclude that irrigation can be terminated at cutout to maximize IWUE, for early and late‐maturing cultivars, without limiting yield or fiber quality, assuming a water‐replete soil profile at termination.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved

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“…Upland cotton is economically one of the most important crops in the THP. Texas cotton production represents about one third to nearly one half of cotton production in the US, the world's largest cotton producer (Raper et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulated Dryland Cotton Yield Response to Selected Scenario Factors Associated With Soil Health

Ale¹,

Himanshu²,

Mauget³

et al. 2021

Front. Sustain. Food Syst.

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In the Texas High Plains (THP), diminishing irrigation well-capacities, and increasing costs of energy and equipment associated with groundwater extraction and application are contributing factors to a transition from irrigated to dryland agriculture. The primary goal of this modeling exercise was to investigate whether and to what extent hypothetical changes in factors putatively associated with soil health would affect dryland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) yields. The factors selected were drainage, surface runoff, soil water holding capacity, soil organic carbon (SOC) and albedo. As a first analysis to evaluate these factors, we used the CROPGRO-Cotton module within the Decision Support System for Agrotechnology Transfer (DSSAT) cropping system model. Specifically, we evaluated the effects of reduced surface runoff, increased soil water holding capacity, and SOC, doubling of the soil albedo through stubble mulching, and of soil drainage by enhancing infiltration with no-tillage/cover crops on yield by adjusting related soil properties. In our analysis, we used mean yields simulated with soil properties of a Pullman clay loam soil at Halfway, TX on the THP as baseline, which were compared to values obtained with the adjusted factors using weather data from 2005 to 2019. Simulated mean yield increased by 27% when the soil water holding capacity was increased by 25 mm, 7% when the runoff curve number was decreased from 73 to 60, 16% when soil albedo was increased from 0.2 to 0.4, and by 58% when the soil drainage factor (fraction day−1) was doubled from 0.2. No significant statistical change in simulated mean yield was calculated when SOC was increased by 1%. Further, effects of a 50 mm pre-plant irrigation were also assessed, simulating limited irrigation in the transition to dryland agriculture that resulted in a statistically insignificant 12% increase in seed-cotton yield. Simultaneous implementation of the four statistically significant individual scenarios (increased water holding capacity, infiltration, albedo, and drainage) resulted in the highest increase (93%) in mean seed-cotton yield. An economic and risk analysis of simulated yields under different scenarios indicated that these factors could reduce revenue risk for dryland cotton producers, with most of the effect from soil drainage improvements.

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Cotton Production in the United States of America

Cited by 7 publications

References 97 publications

Growth, boll development, agronomic performance, and fiber quality of Gossypium barbadense L. in the southeastern U.S. Coastal Plain

Growth, boll development, agronomic performance, and fiber quality of Gossypium barbadense L. in the southeastern U.S. Coastal Plain

Effect of irrigation termination times on cotton cultivars with contrasting maturities

Simulated Dryland Cotton Yield Response to Selected Scenario Factors Associated With Soil Health

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