Cotton Cultivar Response to Planting Date on the Southeastern Coastal Plain

Porter, Paul M.; Sullivan, Michael J.; Harvey, L. H.

doi:10.2134/jpa1996.0223

Cited by 30 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Numbers of studies have reported that sowing date affected cotton yield and fiber quality, but the results were always inconsistent (Porter et al, 1996;Dong et al, 2006;Wang et al, 2009). In our experiment, sowing dates significantly affected cotton boll weight and fiber quality especially fiber strength.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sowing date and boll position affected boll weight, fiber quality and fiber physiological parameters in two cotton (Gossypium Hirsutum L.) cultivars

Zhao¹,

Wang²,

Shu³

et al. 2012

Afr. J. Agric. Res.

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To study the effects of sowing date and boll position on fiber quality and the physiological mechanism, field experiments were conducted using two cotton cultivars (Kemian 1 and Sumian 15) with two sowing dates (normal sowing date 25 April, and late sowing date 25 May) at Nanjing (118°50′E, 32°02′N), Jiangsu, China, in 2006 and 2007. Cotton bolls were divided into three parts (low, middle and upper) according to the fruiting branch symbodial positions. Boll weight, fiber quality (bundle strength, span lengths, micronaire), and fiber physiological parameters (cellulose content, callose content, and sucrose transformation rate) were detected, respectively. Boll weight and fiber strength were affected by sowing date, boll position, and sowing date × boll position. Comparing to the normal sowing date, late sowing date declined boll weight, fiber strength, cellulose content, and sucrose transformation rate. The cellulose content and sucrose transformation rate changed with boll position, and consequently resulted in the change of boll weight and fiber strength. In normal sowing date, cotton boll in middle positional sympodial branch had the highest cellulose content, sucrose transformation rate, boll weight, and fiber strength. In late sowing date, cotton boll in low positional sympodial branch had the highest cellulose content, boll weight and fiber quality. The results indicated that the change of fiber yield and quality in sowing dates and boll positions were because the synthesis of cellulose, callose and sucrose were changed. Increasing the cellulose content and sucrose transformation rate can improve yield and fiber quality in late sowing date or sub-optimal environmental conditions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sowing date and boll position affected boll weight, fiber quality and fiber physiological parameters in two cotton (Gossypium Hirsutum L.) cultivars

Zhao¹,

Wang²,

Shu³

et al. 2012

Afr. J. Agric. Res.

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“…Bilbro and Ray (1973) found that as planting was delayed, fiber length and micronaire declined while fiber strength increased. In the southeast USA, Porter et al (1996) reported higher fiber strength, greater elongation, and lower micronaire for late‐planted cotton. They found no effect of planting date on fiber length.…”

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Canopy Photosynthesis and Fiber Properties of Normal‐ and Late‐Planted Cotton

Bauer

Frederick

Bradow³

et al. 2000

Agronomy Journal

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the southeast USA, Porter et al. (1996) reported higher fiber strength, greater elongation, and lower micronaire Normal-and late-planted cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) often for late-planted cotton. They found no effect of planting differ in fiber properties, especially those properties related to fiber date on fiber length. Cathey and Meredith (1988) found secondary wall characteristics. This field study was conducted to (i) determine the effect of planting date on fiber properties of bolls at that late planting reduced micronaire but did not affect two flowering times, and (ii) determine the relationship between fiber fiber length, strength, or elongation. Bauer et al. (1998) properties and canopy photosynthesis during development of those found that cotton planted in late May had fiber with bolls. Cotton ('Stoneville 453') was planted on 3 May and 3 June in higher yarn strength, greater elongation, and greater 1995 and 3 May and 31 May in 1996. Canopy photosynthesis was fiber length, but lower micronaire and fiber maturity measured 10 to 12 times on sunny days from initial flowering through than fiber produced from cotton planted in late April. the end of the season. Fiber properties were determined on first Recent evidence suggests that carbohydrate supply sympodial position bolls that bloomed during the first and fourthcan affect fiber properties of cotton. Pettigrew (1995) week of flowering (WOF). Maximum canopy photosynthesis was 21% evaluated the effects of irradiance on cotton fiber prophigher in 1996 than in 1995 and lint yield was 22% greater in 1996 erties. He found that higher irradiance, which would than in 1995. Within each year, average maximum canopy photosynthesis did not differ between planting dates, although yield was approx-increase carbohydrate supply through higher photosynimately 30% lower for the late planting date each year. Bolls from thetic rates, increased micronaire and fiber strength. the first WOF generally had lower lint percent, higher short fiber Jones et al. (1996) indirectly measured carbohydratecontent, lower elongation, and lower whiteness index than bolls from supply effect on fiber properties by removing flowers, the fourth WOF. Micronaire, immature fiber fraction, and fiber crosswhich reduced competition for carbohydrate among the sectional area were linearly related to the amount of canopy photosynremaining developing bolls. Flower removal resulted in thesis that occurred from 15 to 45 d after flowering. Our results are higher boll weight and micronaire of the remaining bolls consistent with the hypothesis that assimilate supply influences cotton in that study. fiber properties associated with secondary wall characteristics.Canopy photosynthesis of cotton increases until 80 to 90 d after planting as plants develop leaf area, then decreases as leaves in the canopy age (

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“…When normal‐planting‐date cotton was compared with late‐planting‐date cotton, micronaire declined while fiber length decreased, remained unchanged, or increased in late‐planted cotton (Bilbro and Ray, 1973; Porter et al, 1996; Bauer et al, 1998). Fiber lengths from FP1 bolls from the first week of flowering were longer than fiber from bolls from the fourth week of flowering in 1 yr of a 2‐yr study (Bauer et al, 2000).…”

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Cotton Fiber Quality is Related to Boll Location and Planting Date

et al. 2004

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have the highest boll set and account for the majority of the yield. A change in boll distribution was noted when Early cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) planting in the Texas Coastal the growing season was characterized by lower tempera-Bend has the potential for improved performance through drought ture, less solar radiation, and higher precipitation amounts avoidance. This 2-yr field study was conducted to compare the effect of boll position on fiber properties across planting dates and to determine (Jenkins et al., 1990). how flowering date, boll position, and environmental factors affect During the first week after anthesis, fiber and outer fiber quality. Cotton ('Deltapine 5409') was planted early March, late integuments receive the greatest portion of photosyn-March, and mid-April each year. In 1997, lint yield for the early plantthate. After that, the distribution of photosynthate being date (731 kg ha Ϫ1 ) was significantly higher than the middle (622 tween the remainder of the seed and fiber is about equal. kg ha Ϫ1 ) and late (533 kg ha Ϫ1 ) planting dates. No significant differ-Fiber elongation begins 2 d after anthesis and continues ences in yield were found in 1999. Boll distribution patterns for middlefor an additional 3 to 4 wk. Around 15 d after anthesis, and late-planted cotton were similar. In 1997, the drier of the 2 yr, the deposition of a mainly cellulosic secondary wall befiber length and micronafis values increased at all boll locations with gins (Stewart, 1986). The degree of secondary-wall deearliness of planting while in 1999, the longest and most mature fiber position determines fiber maturity. Micronaire is a comwas associated with a number of boll locations in the middle planting date. High temperatures before and during boll development accom-posite measure of maturity and fiber fineness since fiber panied by adequate moisture increased fiber maturity.

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Cotton Cultivar Response to Planting Date on the Southeastern Coastal Plain

Cited by 30 publications

References 6 publications

Sowing date and boll position affected boll weight, fiber quality and fiber physiological parameters in two cotton (Gossypium Hirsutum L.) cultivars

Sowing date and boll position affected boll weight, fiber quality and fiber physiological parameters in two cotton (Gossypium Hirsutum L.) cultivars

Canopy Photosynthesis and Fiber Properties of Normal‐ and Late‐Planted Cotton

Cotton Fiber Quality is Related to Boll Location and Planting Date

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