Costus Root Extract Alleviates Blood Biochemical Derangements of Experimentally-Induced Hypo- and Hyperthyroidism in Mice

Abstract

Objectives: Thyroid hormones regulate all metabolic activities; therefore, it is not amazing that hepatic; renal dysfunctions and lipid alterations are commonly detected in patients with thyroid disorders. This study estimated some biochemical changes in post pubertal hyperthyroid and hypothyroid mice and their impacts on liver and kidney functions and also on changes in the lipid pattern. In addition, the ameliorating role of Costus root extract supplementation was examined. Material and Methods: A total of 60 male Swiss albino mice were randomly divided into 5 groups; control, control with costus extract, hypo- and hyper-thyroids post-treated with costus root extract. Results: Present results revealed that, a significant increase in serum thyrotropin (TSH), alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), creatinine, urea, potassium, chloride, cholesterol and triglycerides levels in hypothyroid mice compared to control. On the other hand; a significant decrease in serumthyroxine (T4), tri‐iodothyronine (T3), albumin, total protein and calcium ions levels in hypothyroid mice compared to control. In contrast to hypothyroidism, a significant increase in serum T3, ALT, AST, ALP, creatinine, urea, sodium, potassium, chloride and total proteins levels in hyperthyroid mice compared to control. On the other hand; a significant decrease in serum TSH, T4, albumin, calcium ions cholesterol and triglycerides levels in hyperthyroid mice compared to control. Treatments of mice with Costus root extract in both hypo- and hyperthyroidism modulates the measured serum parameters.
 Conclusions: Our results could propose that the extract of Costus roots can be used as an adjuvant co-therapy in hypo- and hyperthyroidism syndromes with propylthiouracil and Eltroxin replacement therapy, respectively

Modulatory effects of Saussurea lappa root aqueous extract against ethephon‐induced kidney toxicity in male rats

“…These compounds are very familiar to pose therapeutic activities including the ability to decrease oxidative stress . Oxidative stress reduction could be the reason of inhibiting ethephon‐induced alterations, and costus extract could be a cytoprotective agent as it showed high free radical scavenging activity that causes widespread damage to cell component …”

Protective Role of Rockect Seed (Eruca sativa) Extract against Monosodium Glutamate-induced Hepato-renal Toxicity in Male Rats

“…The association between dietary factors, including MSG and the risk of kidney disease, has been hypothesized in numerous studies. The kidneys are highly sensitive to ischemia, toxic insults, and other chemicals [27]. In very general terms a rising level of creatinine significance an increasing problem with poorly performing kidneys [46].…”

“…At the end of the experimental period, animals fasted overnight and blood samples were individually collected from the eyes by retroorbital puncture using blood capillary tubes without heparin as per requirement under mild ether anaesthesia for clinical chemistry examinations. Blood samples were incubated at room temperature for 10 minutes and left to clot then centrifuged at 3000 r.p.m for 10 min and the serum was collected, serum was separated and kept in clean stopper plastic vial at -80ºC until the analysis of serum parameters [27].…”

Amitriptyline Induced Alterations in Liver and Kidney Functions and Structures in Male Rats

“…Some drugs can cause these enzymes to leak from the cells and into the blood, thus elevating the blood levels of the enzymes [11,26,27]. Antidepressants are medications used to treat major depression, dysthymia or chronic lowgrade depression, and anxiety disorders such as obsessive compulsive disorder and social anxiety disorder [4].…”

“…On the other hand; a significant decrease in serum albumin and total proteins were observed in Amitriptyline group when compared with control group. The histopathological changes in the liver structure occur either during the hepato-cellular failure or the parenchymal damage caused due to various physiological and pathological conditions [27]. Antidepressant-induced liver injury is generally considered to be dose independent.…”