“…Primary vaccination and revaccination after 5 years with PPV23 is generally well tolerated [4,22,31,32] and provides a sustainable immune response [33]. Over the past 10 years, many studies have shown that PPV23 vaccination of at-risk adults and the elderly is a cost-effective strategy in Germany, as well as in other European and American countries [22,[34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42].…”
“…Primary vaccination and revaccination after 5 years with PPV23 is generally well tolerated [4,22,31,32] and provides a sustainable immune response [33]. Over the past 10 years, many studies have shown that PPV23 vaccination of at-risk adults and the elderly is a cost-effective strategy in Germany, as well as in other European and American countries [22,[34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42].…”
“…This model also has been used in Turkey 69 and Korea. 33 Two identical cohorts, either vaccinated with the PPV23 or non-vaccinated (since the coverage rate in Brazil in this population is closed to zero), were designed to reflect the São Paulo State elderly population (≥60 years old).…”
Section: Model Specification and Parameters Used For The Analysismentioning
“…In general, these studies have shown that vaccination policies range from very cost-effective to even cost-saving in the high risk and elderly population. 11,12,13 The objectives of the present study were first to evaluate the current medical and economic burden of pneumococcal infections in Poland in persons aged 65 years or older (taking into consideration the results of the recent Polish study mentioned above), and second to analyze the cost-effectiveness of implementing a public vaccination programme in this population based on an assumed 50% reimbursement of PPV23 vaccine from the NFZ.…”
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