“…A detailed evaluation of the costs of IONM should include not merely those of the equipment and disposables (electrodes, probes, etc.) but also that of training, learning curve, nerve early and definitive identification, the aid in nerve dissection, the continuous nerve function evaluation, cataloging anatomy variability, intraoperative surgical strategy and synchronization of surgical maneuvers, injury mapping, the cost of responding to a IONM warning (false vs. true signals), the EBSLN identification and monitoring, teaching tool, IONM use in less experience surgeons, legal issues and the research imprint (20)(21)(22)(23).…”