Cost-effective reducing the environmental impact of wheat production in Siberia

The object of research is the economic relations of agricultural producers in the production of spring wheat grain. The purpose of the article is to formulate the distinctive features of the business mechanism for growing spring wheat and its improvement. The main tasks implemented in the study include: - to identify the elements of the business mechanism for growing spring wheat; - to determine its main aspects that determine the level of economic effect of growing spring wheat; - assess the level and structure of state assistance in the cultivation of spring wheat at the regional level. As a result of the research, the main organizational and economic aspects of spring wheat cultivation in the Samara region were identified. In recent years, the volume of spring wheat production in the region has grown due to an increase in the sown area and yield, while the gross harvest in 2019 amounted to 245.8 thousand tons. The spring wheat cultivation efficiency is significantly influenced by the basic tillage type, the costs of which can be up to 20% in the structure of production costs. The option with fine processing by 10-12 cm showed the greatest efficiency. The profitability of this option was 87%. State support at the regional level plays a significant role in shaping the profitability of spring wheat cultivation.

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organizational and economic aspects of spring wheat production at the regional level

Zhichkina

Musina

Zhichkin

et al. 2022

Effects of crop rotation, pesticides and fertilizers on wheat seed contamination with seed-borne Fusarium pathogens

Keler

Khizhnyak

Eskova

2020

The effects of previous crop, fertilizers and pesticides on wheat seed contamination with seed-borne Fusarium pathogens were studied in field experiment. It was found that the Fusarium incidence statistically significantly depend on the previous crop. In case of wheat as the previous crop average Fusarium incidence was 65.0%. Fallow based crop rotation reduced average Fusarium incidence to 54.2%. Applying pesticides during vegetation statistically significantly reduced incidence of Fusarium from 76.7 to 53.3% in case of wheat as the previous crop but was not effective in case of fallow. Fertilizers significantly reduced incidence of Fusarium from 68.3 to 40.0% in case of fallow but had no effect in case of wheat as the previous crop. Basing on the results of our experiment we can recommend the use of fallow in crop rotation scheme as a way to reduce contamination of wheat seeds with seed-borne Fusarium.

Assessment of the effect of a colloidal solution of silver nanoparticles on the sowing quality of seeds

Suntsova

Keler

Sheklein

2022

Self Cite

The article presents the results of laboratory studies to assess the effect of a colloidal solution of silver nanoparticles on the sowing quality of wheat seeds of the Novosibirskaya 15 strain recommended for cultivation in the Krasnoyarsk Territory and an assessment of its influence on its seed productivity. It was found that the use of a colloidal solution of silver nanoparticles in the processing of seed material of the Novosibirskaya 15 soft spring wheat strain significantly increases the rate of seed growth, raising it from 63% in the control to 87% in the variant with a 50% solution of silver nanoparticles. It was found that the colloidal solution of silver nanoparticles did not affect on the indicators of seed germination and their germination energy.