Cost-Benefit Analysis

Boardman, Anthony E.; Greenberg, David H.; Vining, Aidan R.; Weimer, David L.

doi:10.1017/9781108235594

Cited by 332 publications

(297 citation statements)

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“…This analysis is a practical way of estimating project benefits, for which a review is necessarily long and wide [54]. In other words, analysis and evaluation of various audits require a relevant view of the costs and benefits that are involved [55]. The cost-benefit analysis looks at the ratio between the benefits of a project to the general public against the costs incurred by government.…”

Section: • Financial Aspectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This evaluation is conducted in order to assess the utility, performance, and judgments related to the quality of a particular case [54,55]. In this research, the street lighting is evaluated by examining the existing condition of the lighting system on the street around the faculty by comparing them with the NSI criteria.…”

Section: • Phase 1: Existing Condition Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Model to Improve the Implementation Standards of Street Lighting Based on Solar Energy: A Case Study

et al. 2020

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This paper aims to improve the implementation standards of solar-energy-based street lighting in Indonesia. A model framework was developed to assess existing conditions regarding the level of lux, the distance between poles, pole height, and lamp power. According to the evaluation of the existing circumstances, the street lighting system is not satisfactory according to the national standard, with 64.7% black area. An alternative installation of street lighting designed by DIALux application was proposed to fulfill the technical standard of street lighting. The result shows that this alternative design can be used for renewing existing street lighting with better performance and reliability. Economic analysis of all technically feasible alternatives was conducted afterward by benefit–cost analysis. The analysis shows that solar-energy-based street lighting requires as much as 621,473,620.00 Indonesian Rupiah (IDR), with 1.06 benefit–cost ratios and a 9% reduction of total cost. Therefore, the analysis indicates that solar-energy-based technology can be feasibly implemented in a street lighting system. The results show that the proposed model can be applied to improve the implementation standard of solar-energy-based street lighting.

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Section: • Financial Aspectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: • Phase 1: Existing Condition Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Model to Improve the Implementation Standards of Street Lighting Based on Solar Energy: A Case Study

et al. 2020

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“…Also, the discount rate in this study is equivalent to a fifteen year average (that is, between 2000 and 2015) of the Swedish government 5-years bond. According to Boardman et al [33], a discount rate of 3% is reasonable for public projects.…”

Section: Description Of Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Multifunctional Forestry and Interaction with Site Quality

Gren

Amuakwa–Mensah

2019

Forests

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Several studies have shown the economic value of various ecosystem services provided by the forest. However, the economic value of how site-specific ecological conditions interact with other functions provided by the forest, such as timber value and carbon sequestration, has been less studied. As a result, this paper constructs a numerical discrete dynamic optimization model to estimate the economic value of site quality, taking into account its interaction with timber value and carbon sequestration, in Swedish forests. Analytical results show that the inclusion of the interaction of site quality with forest growth affects the optimal volume of harvest per year, compared to the case without consideration of site quality. The empirical results show that net present value, when considering timber values plus carbon sequestration and site quality interaction, is higher than the case where only timber and carbon sequestration were considered. However, the calculated net present value is sensitive to, in particular, the price of carbon sequestration and discount rate.

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“…First, the map could be used at the initial stage for organizing the project: (1) to design the structure of the team and boundaries of each team across different disciplines; (2) to establish a common platform by building a list of common concepts from different disciplines among the members of the project; (3) to decide research questions and topics by finding unexpected paths of the concepts across different domains, disciplines, targeting resources, and stakeholders in response to the parts; and (4) to stimulate ideas among team members and stakeholders that could lead to links between team members, between stakeholders (including practitioners), and between both team members and stakeholders in order to promote knowledge interoperability between science, society, and policy as boundary objects. For example, the WEF nexus system map could be applied to economic methods, such as cost-benefit analysis (CBA); in fact, the first stage of CBA is "to determine which stakeholders will be included in the analysis" [35], followed by quantification procedures for benefits and costs. Although the quantification procedures are rigorously defined based on economic theories, the stakeholder identification stage is rather ad hoc.…”

Section: Potential Use Of the Nexus System Mapmentioning

confidence: 99%

Describing and Visualizing a Water–Energy–Food Nexus System

Endo

Kumazawa

Kimura

et al. 2018

Water

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The objective of this study is to describe a target water–energy–food (WEF) nexus domain world including causal linkages and trade-off relationships between WEF resources and their stakeholders, and to develop a WEF nexus system map as an interdisciplinary tool used for understanding the subsequent complexity of WEF nexus systems. An ontology engineering method, which is a qualitative method, was applied for the replicability of the WEF nexus domain ontology and the map, because ontology engineering is a method of semantic web development for enhancing the compatibility of qualitative descriptions logically or objectively. The WEF nexus system map has three underlying concepts: (1) systems thinking, (2) holistic thinking, and (3) an integrated approach at an operational level, according to the hypothesis that the chains of changes in linkages between water, energy, and food resources holistically and systemically affect the WEF nexus system, including natural and social systems, both temporally and spatially. This study is significant because it allows us to (1) develop the WEF nexus domain ontology database, including defining the concepts and sub-concepts of trade-offs relating to WEF for the replicability of this study; (2) integrate the qualitative ontology method and quantitative network analysis method to identify key concepts serving as linkage hubs in the WEF nexus domain ontology; and (3) visualize human–nature interactions such as linkages between water, energy, and food resources and their stakeholders in social and natural systems. This paper also discusses future challenges in the application of the map for a science–policy–society interface.

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Cost-Benefit Analysis

Cited by 332 publications

References 0 publications

A Model to Improve the Implementation Standards of Street Lighting Based on Solar Energy: A Case Study

A Model to Improve the Implementation Standards of Street Lighting Based on Solar Energy: A Case Study

Multifunctional Forestry and Interaction with Site Quality

Describing and Visualizing a Water–Energy–Food Nexus System

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